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many fruit meadowrue, tall western meadow-rue

purple meadow-rue

Roots

fibrous.

Stems

erect, 6-18(-20) dm, glabrous.

erect, stout, 40-150(-200) cm.

Leaves

blade 3-4x-ternately compound;

leaflets orbiculate to obovate, apically 3-cleft or 3-parted, divisions undivided or shallowly 3-lobed, 15-40 mm wide, lobes rounded or somewhat acute, surfaces glabrous or glandular.

blade: basal and proximal cauline 3-5x-ternately compound;

leaflets brownish green to dark green or bright green, ovate to cuneate-obovate, apically undivided or 2-3(-5)-lobed, 15-60 × 8-45 mm, length 0.9-2.6 times width, usually leathery with veins prominent abaxially, margins often revolute, lobe margins entire, surfaces abaxially usually pubescent and/or papillose (i.e., with very minute sessile glands).

Inflorescences

terminal, panicles, many flowered.

panicles, apically ± acutely pyramidal, many flowered;

peduncles and pedicels usually glabrous, rarely pubescent or stipitate-glandular.

Flowers

sepals whitish to purplish, elliptic to ovate or lanceolate, 2-4(-5) mm;

filaments whitish to pinkish, 3-6 mm;

anthers (1.4-)2-4 mm, distinctly apiculate.

usually unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants;

sepals 4(-6), whitish, lanceolate, 3-5 mm;

filaments white to purplish, filiform, scarcely dilated distally, 2-6.5 mm, flexible;

anthers 1-3.6(-4) mm, usually strongly apiculate.

Achenes

10-15, spreading in globose heads, not reflexed, sessile or nearly so;

stipe 0-0.6 mm;

body nearly globose to obovoid to obliquely obovate, laterally compressed, somewhat inflated and papery, 4-7(-8) mm, glabrous to glandular, often with 1 or 2 primary veins on each side, veins sinuous, branched, anastomosing-reticulate;

beak 2-4 mm.

numerous, sessile or nearly sessile;

stipe 0-1.1 mm;

body ovoid to fusiform, 2-4.6 mm, prominently veined, usually pubescent and/or glandular;

beak often dehiscent as fruit matures, ± straight, filiform, 1.5-4.7(-6) mm, about as long as achene body.

Thalictrum polycarpum

Thalictrum dasycarpum

Phenology Flowering mid-late spring (Apr–Jun). Flowering late spring–summer (May-late Jul).
Habitat Streamsides and other moist places, forests, and open woodlands Deciduous, riparian woods, damp thickets, swamps, wet meadows, and prairies
Elevation 600-3100 m (2000-10200 ft) 80-2500 m (300-8200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; NV; OR; UT; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; ND; NE; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; SD; TN; TX; UT; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; QC; SK; YT
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Discussion

Thalictrum polycarpum is the only species in sect. Heterogamia with anastomosing-reticulate veins on the achene.

The stems and roots of Thalictrum polycarpum are considered poisonous when ingested by humans or cattle; Native Americans used this species medicinally as a wash for headaches, as an applications for sprains, and as a universal charm and panacea (D. E. Moerman 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Thalictrum dasycarpum is a variable species similar to, and possibly intergrading with, T. pubescens. Glabrous variants of T. dasycarpum have been treated as T. dasycarpum var. hypoglaucum. Glabrous and glandular (stipitate and papillate) forms are found throughout the range of the species and occur together in some populations.

Native Americans used Thalictrum dasycarpum medicinally to reduce fever, cure cramps, as a stimulant for horses, and as a love charm (D. E. Moerman 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Thalictrum > sect. Heterogamia Ranunculaceae > Thalictrum > sect. Leucocoma
Sibling taxa
T. alpinum, T. amphibolum, T. arkansanum, T. clavatum, T. confine, T. cooleyi, T. coriaceum, T. dasycarpum, T. debile, T. dioicum, T. fendleri, T. heliophilum, T. macrostylum, T. minus, T. mirabile, T. occidentale, T. pubescens, T. sparsiflorum, T. texanum, T. thalictroides, T. venulosum
T. alpinum, T. amphibolum, T. arkansanum, T. clavatum, T. confine, T. cooleyi, T. coriaceum, T. debile, T. dioicum, T. fendleri, T. heliophilum, T. macrostylum, T. minus, T. mirabile, T. occidentale, T. polycarpum, T. pubescens, T. sparsiflorum, T. texanum, T. thalictroides, T. venulosum
Synonyms T. fendleri var. polycarpum T. dasycarpum var. hypoglaucum
Name authority (Torrey) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 288. (1879) Fischer & Avé Lallemant: in Fischer, C. A. Meyer & Avé-Lallemant, Index Sem. Hort. Petrop. 8: 72. (1842)
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