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western meadow-rue

cathedral bluff meadow-rue

Roots

yellow to medium brown or black, thin, fibrous.

fibrous.

Stems

erect, 30-100(-120) dm, glabrous, often from well-developed rhizomes.

14-50 cm, arising singly or in dense clusters of 2-3 from short, horizontal, fibrous-rooted rhizomes.

Leaves

blade 3-4x-ternately compound;

leaflets orbiculate to obovate-cuneate or cordate, apically 3-lobed, 10-30 mm wide, lobe margins coarsely crenate, surfaces glabrous to glandular.

blade ternately compound, cauline blades gradually reduced upward, distalmost 2-ternate;

leaflets broadly obovate, apically 3-toothed, otherwise undivided, 5-8 × 4-5 mm, leathery, surfaces glabrous, glaucous.

Inflorescences

terminal (some flowers in axils of distal leaves), panicles, rather open, many flowered.

terminal, panicles, many flowered.

Flowers

sepals whitish or greenish or purplish tinged, ovate, 3.5-4.4 mm in staminate flowers, 1.5-2 mm in pistillate flowers;

filaments purplish, 4-10 mm;

anthers 1.5-4 mm, long-apiculate;

stigma often purplish.

sepals 4, color unknown, lanceolate to ovate, 2-3 mm;

filaments brownish, 2-3 mm;

anthers 2-3 mm, apiculate;

stigma color unknown.

Achenes

6-9, spreading to reflexed, short-stipitate;

stipe 0.4-1.2 mm;

body fusiform, not laterally compressed, (4-)6-9(-10) mm, tapering at both ends, glandular, strongly 3-veined on each side, veins not anastomosing;

beak 3-4.5(-6) mm.

4-5(-6), not reflexed, nearly sessile;

stipe 0.1-0.2 mm;

body oblique-obovate, strongly laterally compressed, 4-5 mm, glabrous, glaucous, prominently 3-veined on each side, veins converging near apex, rarely branched or sinuous, not anastomosing-reticulate;

beak ca. 1.5 mm.

Thalictrum occidentale

Thalictrum heliophilum

Phenology Flowering early summer-mid summer (Jun–Aug). Flowering summer–summer (Jun–Aug).
Habitat Open woods, meadows, and copses Decomposing shale of Green River Formation
Elevation 200-3400 m (700-11200 ft) 2500 m (8200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; ND; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK; YT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CO
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Thalictrum occidentale is similar to T. confine and T. venulosum; thorough field studies are needed to determine whether or not they should be maintained as separate species. Thalictrum occidentale can usually be distinguished by its reflexed achenes.

Plants of northern British Columbia, sometimes called Thalictrum occidentale var. breitungii (B. Boivin) Brayshaw, appear to be intermediate between T. occidentale and T. venulosum (T. C. Brayshaw, pers. comm.); achenes are ascending, ± compressed, and beaks rather short (2-4 mm) (T. C. Brayshaw 1989).

Some of the Native Americans used Thalictrum occidentale medicinally for headaches, eye trouble, and sore legs, to loosen phlem, and to improve blood circulation (D. E. Moerman 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

In a genus of primarily mesophytic plants, Thalictrum heliophilum is notable for its relatively xeric habitat. Known only from Garfield and Rio Blanco counties, northwestern Colorado, it is similar to the widespread T. fendleri; it may be distinguished by its smaller, leathery, glaucous leaflets and fewer achenes.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Thalictrum > sect. Heterogamia Ranunculaceae > Thalictrum > sect. Heterogamia
Sibling taxa
T. alpinum, T. amphibolum, T. arkansanum, T. clavatum, T. confine, T. cooleyi, T. coriaceum, T. dasycarpum, T. debile, T. dioicum, T. fendleri, T. heliophilum, T. macrostylum, T. minus, T. mirabile, T. polycarpum, T. pubescens, T. sparsiflorum, T. texanum, T. thalictroides, T. venulosum
T. alpinum, T. amphibolum, T. arkansanum, T. clavatum, T. confine, T. cooleyi, T. coriaceum, T. dasycarpum, T. debile, T. dioicum, T. fendleri, T. macrostylum, T. minus, T. mirabile, T. occidentale, T. polycarpum, T. pubescens, T. sparsiflorum, T. texanum, T. thalictroides, T. venulosum
Synonyms T. occidentale var. macounii, T. occidentale var. palousense
Name authority A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 372. (1873) Wilken & DeMott: Brittonia 35: 156. (1983)
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