Thalictrum occidentale |
Thalictrum venulosum |
|
---|---|---|
western meadow-rue |
early meadow-rue, veiny meadow-rue, veiny-leaf meadow-rue |
|
Roots | yellow to medium brown or black, thin, fibrous. |
|
Stems | erect, 30-100(-120) dm, glabrous, often from well-developed rhizomes. |
erect, 20-50 cm, glabrous, from rhizomes. |
Leaves | blade 3-4x-ternately compound; leaflets orbiculate to obovate-cuneate or cordate, apically 3-lobed, 10-30 mm wide, lobe margins coarsely crenate, surfaces glabrous to glandular. |
blade 3-4x-ternately compound; leaflets obovate to orbiculate, apically 3-5-lobed, 5-20 mm, lobe margins crenate, surfaces abaxially glabrous or glandular-puberulent. |
Inflorescences | terminal (some flowers in axils of distal leaves), panicles, rather open, many flowered. |
terminal, panicles, narrow and dense, many flowered. |
Flowers | sepals whitish or greenish or purplish tinged, ovate, 3.5-4.4 mm in staminate flowers, 1.5-2 mm in pistillate flowers; filaments purplish, 4-10 mm; anthers 1.5-4 mm, long-apiculate; stigma often purplish. |
sepals greenish white, lanceolate or broadly ovate to elliptic or obovate, 2-4 mm; filaments colored, not white, (1.8-)3-5.5 mm; anthers 2-3.5 mm, blunt to mucronate; stigma commonly yellowish. |
Achenes | 6-9, spreading to reflexed, short-stipitate; stipe 0.4-1.2 mm; body fusiform, not laterally compressed, (4-)6-9(-10) mm, tapering at both ends, glandular, strongly 3-veined on each side, veins not anastomosing; beak 3-4.5(-6) mm. |
5-17, erect to spreading, not reflexed, nearly sessile; stipe 0.1-0.3 mm; body often distinctly curved, elliptic-oblong, nearly terete to slightly flattened, adaxial surface 3-4(-6) mm, glabrous to glandular, veins distinct, not anastomosing-reticulate; beak 1.5-2.5(-3) mm. |
Thalictrum occidentale |
Thalictrum venulosum |
|
Phenology | Flowering early summer-mid summer (Jun–Aug). | Flowering early summer-mid summer (Jun–Aug). |
Habitat | Open woods, meadows, and copses | Prairies, riparian woods, and coniferous, deciduous, and mixed forests |
Elevation | 200-3400 m (700-11200 ft) | 600-3700 m (2000-12100 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; ND; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK; YT
|
CO; ID; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT
|
Discussion | Thalictrum occidentale is similar to T. confine and T. venulosum; thorough field studies are needed to determine whether or not they should be maintained as separate species. Thalictrum occidentale can usually be distinguished by its reflexed achenes. Plants of northern British Columbia, sometimes called Thalictrum occidentale var. breitungii (B. Boivin) Brayshaw, appear to be intermediate between T. occidentale and T. venulosum (T. C. Brayshaw, pers. comm.); achenes are ascending, ± compressed, and beaks rather short (2-4 mm) (T. C. Brayshaw 1989). Some of the Native Americans used Thalictrum occidentale medicinally for headaches, eye trouble, and sore legs, to loosen phlem, and to improve blood circulation (D. E. Moerman 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Thalctrum venulosum is similar to T. confine and T. occidentale. Careful field studies are needed to clarify the relationships among these taxa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Thalictrum > sect. Heterogamia | Ranunculaceae > Thalictrum > sect. Heterogamia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. occidentale var. macounii, T. occidentale var. palousense | |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 372. (1873) | Trelease: Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 23: 302. (1886) |
Web links |
|