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western meadow-rue

many fruit meadowrue, tall western meadow-rue

Roots

yellow to medium brown or black, thin, fibrous.

fibrous.

Stems

erect, 30-100(-120) dm, glabrous, often from well-developed rhizomes.

erect, 6-18(-20) dm, glabrous.

Leaves

blade 3-4x-ternately compound;

leaflets orbiculate to obovate-cuneate or cordate, apically 3-lobed, 10-30 mm wide, lobe margins coarsely crenate, surfaces glabrous to glandular.

blade 3-4x-ternately compound;

leaflets orbiculate to obovate, apically 3-cleft or 3-parted, divisions undivided or shallowly 3-lobed, 15-40 mm wide, lobes rounded or somewhat acute, surfaces glabrous or glandular.

Inflorescences

terminal (some flowers in axils of distal leaves), panicles, rather open, many flowered.

terminal, panicles, many flowered.

Flowers

sepals whitish or greenish or purplish tinged, ovate, 3.5-4.4 mm in staminate flowers, 1.5-2 mm in pistillate flowers;

filaments purplish, 4-10 mm;

anthers 1.5-4 mm, long-apiculate;

stigma often purplish.

sepals whitish to purplish, elliptic to ovate or lanceolate, 2-4(-5) mm;

filaments whitish to pinkish, 3-6 mm;

anthers (1.4-)2-4 mm, distinctly apiculate.

Achenes

6-9, spreading to reflexed, short-stipitate;

stipe 0.4-1.2 mm;

body fusiform, not laterally compressed, (4-)6-9(-10) mm, tapering at both ends, glandular, strongly 3-veined on each side, veins not anastomosing;

beak 3-4.5(-6) mm.

10-15, spreading in globose heads, not reflexed, sessile or nearly so;

stipe 0-0.6 mm;

body nearly globose to obovoid to obliquely obovate, laterally compressed, somewhat inflated and papery, 4-7(-8) mm, glabrous to glandular, often with 1 or 2 primary veins on each side, veins sinuous, branched, anastomosing-reticulate;

beak 2-4 mm.

Thalictrum occidentale

Thalictrum polycarpum

Phenology Flowering early summer-mid summer (Jun–Aug). Flowering mid-late spring (Apr–Jun).
Habitat Open woods, meadows, and copses Streamsides and other moist places, forests, and open woodlands
Elevation 200-3400 m (700-11200 ft) 600-3100 m (2000-10200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; ND; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK; YT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; NV; OR; UT; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Thalictrum occidentale is similar to T. confine and T. venulosum; thorough field studies are needed to determine whether or not they should be maintained as separate species. Thalictrum occidentale can usually be distinguished by its reflexed achenes.

Plants of northern British Columbia, sometimes called Thalictrum occidentale var. breitungii (B. Boivin) Brayshaw, appear to be intermediate between T. occidentale and T. venulosum (T. C. Brayshaw, pers. comm.); achenes are ascending, ± compressed, and beaks rather short (2-4 mm) (T. C. Brayshaw 1989).

Some of the Native Americans used Thalictrum occidentale medicinally for headaches, eye trouble, and sore legs, to loosen phlem, and to improve blood circulation (D. E. Moerman 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Thalictrum polycarpum is the only species in sect. Heterogamia with anastomosing-reticulate veins on the achene.

The stems and roots of Thalictrum polycarpum are considered poisonous when ingested by humans or cattle; Native Americans used this species medicinally as a wash for headaches, as an applications for sprains, and as a universal charm and panacea (D. E. Moerman 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Thalictrum > sect. Heterogamia Ranunculaceae > Thalictrum > sect. Heterogamia
Sibling taxa
T. alpinum, T. amphibolum, T. arkansanum, T. clavatum, T. confine, T. cooleyi, T. coriaceum, T. dasycarpum, T. debile, T. dioicum, T. fendleri, T. heliophilum, T. macrostylum, T. minus, T. mirabile, T. polycarpum, T. pubescens, T. sparsiflorum, T. texanum, T. thalictroides, T. venulosum
T. alpinum, T. amphibolum, T. arkansanum, T. clavatum, T. confine, T. cooleyi, T. coriaceum, T. dasycarpum, T. debile, T. dioicum, T. fendleri, T. heliophilum, T. macrostylum, T. minus, T. mirabile, T. occidentale, T. pubescens, T. sparsiflorum, T. texanum, T. thalictroides, T. venulosum
Synonyms T. occidentale var. macounii, T. occidentale var. palousense T. fendleri var. polycarpum
Name authority A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 372. (1873) (Torrey) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 288. (1879)
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