Thalictrum dioicum |
Thalictrum macrostylum |
|
---|---|---|
early meadow-rue, pigamon dioïque, quicksilver-weed |
Piedmont meadow-rue |
|
Roots | yellow to light brown, fibrous, from stout caudex. |
|
Stems | erect, 30-80 cm, glabrous or glandular. |
erect to ± reclining, slender, 50-200 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | blade 1-4x-ternately compound; leaflets reniform or cordate to obovate or orbiculate, apically 3-12-lobed, 10-45 mm wide, lobe margins often crenate, surfaces abaxially glabrous or glandular. |
blade ternately and pinnately decompound; leaflets grayish green to brownish to bright green, nearly orbiculate to ovate or obovate, apically undivided or shallowly 2-3-lobed, 5-16(-22) × 3-18 mm, length 1-3.3 times width, leathery and prominently reticulate abaxially, or sometimes quite membranous, margins sometimes revolute, lobe margins entire; surfaces abaxially glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, panicles to corymbs, many flowered. |
racemes or panicles, elongate, few flowered; peduncles and pedicels neither pubescent nor glandular. |
Flowers | sepals greenish to purple, ovate or obovate to oval, 1.8-4 mm; filaments yellow to greenish yellow, 3.5-5.5 mm; anthers 2-4 mm, mucronate to acuminate; stigma purple. |
either unisexual with staminate and pistillate on different plants, or bisexual and unisexual with staminate and bisexual on some plants, pistillate and bisexual on others; sepals 4(-6), greenish to white, nearly orbiculate, 1-2 mm; filaments white, filiform or sometimes clavate, 1.8-4 mm, rigid to flexible; anthers 0.5-1.2 mm. |
Achenes | (3-)7–13, not reflexed, sessile or nearly so; stipe terete, 0-0.2 mm; body ovoid to ellipsoid, not laterally compressed, 3.5-5 mm, glabrous, very strongly veined, veins not anastomosing-reticulate; beak 1.5-3 mm. |
numerous, slightly stipitate; stipe 0.3-0.7 mm; body ovoid, 3-4.5 mm, prominently veined, glabrous; beak 0.7-1.7 mm. |
2n | = 56. |
|
Thalictrum dioicum |
Thalictrum macrostylum |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–Jun). | Flowering late spring–summer (early Jun-mid Jul). |
Habitat | Rocky woods, ravines, and alluvial terraces, mountains and piedmont | Low woods, rich wooded slopes, cliffs, swampy forests, meadows, and limestone sinks |
Elevation | 10-1000 m (0-3300 ft) | 500-800 m (1600-2600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DC; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; ON; QC
|
AL; FL; GA; MS; NC; SC; VA |
Discussion | Glandular plants of Thalictrum dioicum have often been misidentified as T. revolutum despite important differences, especially the leaflets having crenate versus entire lobe margins, respectively. The stamens in both T. dioicum and T. revolutum are pendulous. Native Americans used roots of Thalictrum dioicum in various preparations to treat diarrhea and vomiting and for heart palpitations (D. E. Moerman 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Much variation in Thalictrum macrostylum seems to be associated with habitat differences, especially the amount of sunlight received. The name T. subrotundum merely represents plants of T. macrostylum growing in deep shade. Common garden studies and cluster analyses do not support recognition of two species (M. Park 1992). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Thalictrum > sect. Heterogamia | Ranunculaceae > Thalictrum > sect. Leucocoma |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. subrotundum | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 545. (1753) | Small & A. Heller: Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 3: 8. (1892) |
Web links |