Terminalia catappa |
Terminalia muelleri |
|
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tropical almond, West Indian or Indian or tropical almond |
Australian almond |
|
Habit | Trees or shrubs to 20(–35) m; branches without thorns. | Trees or shrubs to 10 m; branches without thorns. |
Leaves | persistent or tardily deciduous (then turning red and plants briefly leafless); petioles 5–28 mm; blade obovate, 6–35 × 2.6–16.5 cm, base narrowly cuneate to rounded or narrowly and obscurely cordate, apex acuminate or short-acuminate to obtuse or rounded, surfaces glabrate to moderately pubescent abaxially, midvein and secondary veins sparsely to densely pubescent, with nectar glands near base, glabrous or glabrate adaxially, midvein densely to sparsely pubescent, at least basally; with pit-domatia at junction of secondary and tertiary veins with midvein, or junction of tertiary with secondary veins, or other vein junctions. |
persistent or tardily deciduous (then turning red and plants briefly leafless); petiole 8–20 mm; blade obovate, 4.2–19.5 × 2–7.5 cm, base attenuate to cuneate, apex short-acuminate or mucronate, acute, obtuse, or rounded, surfaces glabrate to sparsely pubescent abaxially, midvein and secondary veins densely to sparsely pubescent or glabrous, when glabrous, elongate hairs usually present in axils, forming domatia, usually with nectar glands near base, glabrous or glabrate to sparsely pubescent adaxially, midvein densely to sparsely pubescent, at least basally; hair-tuft domatia usually present at junction of secondary veins and midvein, these sometimes poorly developed. |
Spikes | 5–25 cm, with bisexual flowers proximally, staminate flowers distally. |
6.5–15 cm, with bisexual flowers proximally, staminate flowers distally. |
Flowers | 5-merous, bisexual and staminate; free portion of hypanthium 1–2 mm; sepals 1–2.8 mm; stamens 3–4.5 mm; style 3.5–4 mm. |
4- or 5-merous, bisexual and staminate; free portion of hypanthium 1–2 mm; sepals 1.5–3 mm; stamens 2–4.3 mm; style 3.5–4 mm. |
Drupes | green or red, slightly flattened, ovoid to ellipsoid, 35–70 × 20–50 mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous; with 2 well-developed ridges or wings; hypanthium and calyx deciduous in age. |
green or red becoming blue or blue-black, slightly flattened, ovoid to ellipsoid, 12–20 × 8–15 mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous; with 2 poorly developed and rounded ridges; hypanthium and calyx usually deciduous in age. |
2n | = 36. |
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Terminalia catappa |
Terminalia muelleri |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering spring, summer. |
Habitat | Disturbed habitats, especially near coast. | Mangrove swamps, disturbed hammocks, other disturbed habitats. |
Elevation | 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) | 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) |
Distribution |
FL; Asia; Pacific Islands; n Australia [Introduced in North America; introduced also widely in Neotropics] |
FL; ne Australia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Terminalia catappa is commonly used as an ornamental tree in southern Florida, and has naturalized in Brevard, Broward, and Miami-Dade counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Terminalia muelleri is occasionally cultivated as an ornamental tree in southern and central Florida; it has naturalized coastally from Palm Beach County in the east to Manatee County in the west, and extending southward on the peninsula. Terminalia muelleri is a triploid; polyploidy is common in the genus (D. Ohri 1996; C. A. Stace 2007). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Combretaceae > Terminalia | Combretaceae > Terminalia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 674. (1767): Mant. Pl. 1: 128. (1767) | Bentham: Fl. Austral. 2: 500. (1864) |
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