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tansy-leaf evening primrose

diffuse-flower evening-primrose, long leaf suncup, long-leaf evening-primrose, northern sun-cup, stemless evening-primrose

Habit Herbs usually densely, sometimes sparsely, short-hirtellous, hairs spreading or appressed, and/or sparselyto densely strigillose; taproot deep, woody, with numerous slender branches in age, producing new rosettes. Herbs usually glabrate, rarely sparsely strigillose, especially on leaf blade veins and margins; taproot thick, deep, sometimes branched in age, producing new rosettes.
Leaves

6.5–32 × 0.7–3.3 cm;

petiole not winged, 1–8 cm;

blade very narrowly elliptic, base attenuate to narrowly cuneate, margins deeply and irregularly pinnatifid, apex acute to long-acuminate.

2–22 × 0.7–4.2 cm;

petiole narrowly winged, 1–12 cm;

blade lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, base attenuate, margins usually subentire to sinuate, sometimes deeply and irregularly pinnatifid, apex acuminate.

Flowers

opening near sunrise;

floral tube 4–6.5(–8.5) mm, soft-pilose in proximal 1/2 inside;

sepals 5.5–13 mm;

petals yellow, (8–)10–23 mm; episepalous staminal filaments 5.5–12 mm, epipetalous ones 2.5–8 mm, anthers (2.3–)2.8–3.5 mm;

sterile prolongation of ovary 14–55 mm, style 9.5–20(–25) mm, pilose near base, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis.

opening near sunrise;

floral tube 1.5–3 mm, with short, matted hairs inside near base;

sepals 4–15 mm, mostly glabrous, sometimes very minutely strigillose;

petals yellow, 5–16 mm, often apiculate; episepalous staminal filaments 1.8–6.5 mm, epipetalous ones 0.5–2.5 mm, anthers 0.9–2 mm;

sterile prolongation of ovary 15–80 mm, style 4–8.5(–11) mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent near base, stigma usually surrounded by longer anthers at anthesis, rarely exserted beyond anthers.

Capsules

subterete, cylindric-ovoid, 7–25 × 3–5 mm, walls thick, evidently distended by seeds;

sessile.

4-angled, oblong-ellipsoid, 11–28 × 5–8 mm, walls thick, scarcely distended by seeds, becoming blackened and persistent on plants for 1+ years after shedding seeds; rarely with pedicel to 10 mm.

Seeds

uniformly tan to brown, curved-cylindric, 1.5–2 × 0.6–0.8 mm, pitted in rows.

uniformly tan to light brown, ellipsoid-oblanceoloid, 1.3–1.9 × 0.6–1 mm, coarsely pitted.

2n

= 14, 28, 42.

= 14.

Taraxia tanacetifolia

Taraxia subacaulis

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering late Mar–Jul.
Habitat Open areas on clay soil, moist swales and meadows, dry streambeds, edges of drying ponds. Meadows, seasonally moist open places, from foothills to mountains.
Elevation 400–2500 m. (1300–8200 ft.) 400–2900 m. (1300–9500 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

P. H. Raven (1969) determined that the majority of plants examined cytologically were tetraploid (2n = 28), making one diploid (2n = 14) determination. Raven also found hexaploid plants in a restricted area from Sierra Valley in Plumas and immediately adjacent Lassen and Sierra counties, California. They do not differ morphologically from diploid and tetraploid plants other than having greater than ten percent of pollen grains 4-pored, but there was no known diploid population that could have combined with tetraploids to give rise to this hexaploid. Raven named it Camissonia tanacetifolia subsp. quadriperforata; however, it is not currently recognized due to the lack of morphological differentiation. Raven also found Taraxia tanacetifolia to be primarily self-incompatible with possibly some self-compatible plants occurring.

Oenothera nuttallii Torrey & A. Gray 1840 (not Sweet 1830) pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Taraxia subacaulis occurs well inland from Pacific coastal areas. Its only occurrence in Colorado is in Moffat and Routt counties. P. H. Raven (1969) determined Taraxia subacaulis to be self-compatible and, usually, facultatively autogamous. The species is distinctive, but is sister to T. tanacetifolia in molecular analyses (R. A. Levin et al. 2004; W. L. Wagner et al. 2007).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Taraxia Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Taraxia
Sibling taxa
T. breviflora, T. ovata, T. subacaulis
T. breviflora, T. ovata, T. tanacetifolia
Synonyms Oenothera tanacetifolia, Camissonia tanacetifolia, C. tanacetifolia subsp. quadriperforata, T. longiflora, T. tikurana Jussiaea subacaulis, Camissonia subacaulis, Oenothera heterantha, O. heterantha var. taraxacifolia, O. subacaulis, O. subacaulis var. taraxacifolia, T. heterantha, T. taraxacifolia
Name authority (Torrey & A. Gray) Piper: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 11: 405. (1906) (Pursh) Rydberg: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 281. (1900)
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