Taraxacum alaskanum |
Taraxacum carneocoloratum |
|
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Alaska dandelion, dwarf alpine dandelion |
fleshy dandelion, pink dandelion |
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Habit | Plants (1.5–)3–9(–16, mostly in fruit) cm; taproots sometimes branched. | Plants 3.5–9 cm; taproots branched. |
Stems | 1–3+, ascending, proximally purplish, glabrous or glabrate. |
1–3, ascending to erect, purplish proximally to completely (barely exceeding foliage), glabrous. |
Leaves | fewer than 10, horizontal to patent (green); petioles slender or decurrent lines from bases; blades oblanceolate or narrowly oblong (usually runcinate), (1.5–)2.2–11.6 × 0.4–2.2 cm, bases attenuate, margins usually lobed regularly, ± deeply, in 3–5(–6) pairs, occasionally (younger) only toothed or denticulate, lobes usually retrorse, occasionally straight or antrorse, triangular to narrowly triangular, terminals often largest, acuminate to acute-rounded, sometimes toothed, teeth 0(–1) on lobes or sinuses, triangular, apices obtuse to acute, faces glabrous. |
fewer than 10(–15), horizontal to patent or ± erect; petioles narrowly winged (mostly distally); blades oblanceolate (sometimes runcinate), 2.8–8 × 0.5–1.4 cm, bases attenuate, margins lobed shallowly (about 1/2 width of blades or less) or toothed, lobes straight or retrorse, sometimes antrorse, triangular or deltate to lanceolate, obtuse to acute or acuminate, teeth 0 on lobes, apices obtuse, faces glabrous. |
Involucres | dark green, often glaucous, often purplish, particularly adaxially, cylindro- to narrowly campanulate, 9–14 mm. |
dark green, broadly campanulate, (10–)12–16 mm. |
Florets | 30–55+; corollas yellow (gray-striped abaxially, sometimes becoming orange purplish with age on drying), outer 11–14 × 1.5–2.4 mm. |
20–30+; corollas pink purplish to pinkish cream (± bronze when fresh), outer 13–14 × 2.4–2.6 mm. |
Phyllaries | 7–8 in 3 series, lanceolate, 1.4–2.6(–4) mm wide, margins not scarious (some outer) to narrowly scarious, apices long-acuminate, tips purplish or grayish, often flared, scarious, hornless. |
12–14 in 2 series, ovate to lance-ovate, 2.8–5.5 mm wide, margins not scarious (some outer) to broadly so (at least proximally, inner), apices acuminate, inner scarious and erose, hornless. |
Calyculi | of 7–9, spreading, becoming reflexed to revolute, often purplish, particularly adaxially, ovate to lance-ovate or elliptic bracklets in 2 series, 2.5–4.5 × 1.7–2.7 mm, margins not or narrowly scarious, hyaline, apices acuminate to caudate, tips sometimes flaring, scarious, erose, hornless. |
of 10–12, appressed (to spreading), very widely ovate (outer) to ovate, dark green, often purple-tipped bractlets in 2(–3) series, 4–5.5 × 2.5–4.5 mm, white-scarious to not scarious, apices acuminate to caudate, hornless, scarious-erose. |
Cypselae | maroon to brown or reddish brown, sometimes grayish, bodies oblanceoloid (sometimes narrowly), 3–3.8 mm, cones conic, 0.8–1 mm, beaks stout, 3–6 mm, ribs 15 narrow (6 prominent), faces proximally ± tuberculate, ± muricate in distal 1/3–1/2 (or less); pappi white to yellowish, 4–6.5 mm. |
grayish, greenish, or yellowish, bodies oblanceoloid, ca. 3–4+ mm, cones [mature not seen], beaks stout, ribs [mature not seen], faces proximally smooth, muricate in distal 1/4; pappi yellowish, ca. 7 mm. |
2n | = 24, 32 (as T. kamtschaticum). |
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Taraxacum alaskanum |
Taraxacum carneocoloratum |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Alpine slopes and tundra, arctic tundra, rich arctic seaside bluffs | High alpine, gravelly areas and scree slopes, ridge crests, dry substrates |
Elevation | 0–2200 m (0–7200 ft) | 500–2500 m (1600–8200 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; YT; Russian Far East
|
AK; YT |
Discussion | In all the specimens examined from Alaska, it is not possible to find consistent differences between Taraxacum alaskanum and T. kamtschaticum (as applied in Alaska; or T. pseudokamtschaticum). Assignment to one or the other species appears random. The leaf character used in keys to separate the entities does not work, or at least is not matched by specimens as determined; cypsela color varies within species, and the slight difference noted is not sufficient to warrant separation. Neither is there a significant size difference between coastal and inland material. The name T. sibiricum Dahlstedt has been applied mistakenly by American authors to this entity. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Taraxacum carneocoloratum may be associated with unglaciated areas of Alaska and Yukon, where it is infrequent. It is easily distinguished in bloom by its pink ligules (± bronze when fresh). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 251. | FNA vol. 19, p. 252. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Taraxacum | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Taraxacum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. kamtschaticum, T. pseudokamtschaticum | |
Name authority | Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 512. (1901) | A. Nelson: Amer. J. Bot. 32: 290. (1945) |
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