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Java plum

brush cherry, scrub cherry

Habit Trees or shrubs 6–20+ m; twigs weakly compressed; bark white, smooth. Trees or shrubs usually to 3 m; older branches terete or nearly so; twigs weakly compressed, distally 4-winged or ribbed, wings merging in pairs, forming pocketlike structure just distal to many leaf nodes and decussate with petioles of that node; bark tan, flaky.
Leaves

blade drying concolorous olive or tan, ovate, elliptic, or oblong, 8–17 × 3.5–7 cm, leathery, base cuneate, obtuse, or rounded, apex acuminate or obtuse, tip bluntly acute, surfaces glandular, glossy adaxially, glands small, often punctiform, numerous, sometimes more so abaxially.

blade obovate or elliptic, 3–9 × 1.2–3.2 cm, base cuneate to narrowly so, apex acute or abruptly acuminate, mucronate, surfaces glandular or eglandular, glands sparse abaxially, small, obscure, or absent adaxially.

Inflorescences

15–100-flowered, axillary, panicles of dichasia, 1–3 times compound;

axis 15–60 mm, lateral branches 5–20 mm, axis and branches compressed, glandular;

bracts and bracteoles caducous.

3–7-flowered, terminal, also axillary in distal leaf axils, dichasia;

axis 10–15 mm;

bracts deciduous well before anthesis (leaving prominent scar);

bracteoles early deciduous.

Flowers

sessile at tips of lateral branches;

bud pyriform, 4–5 mm;

hypanthium obconic to narrowly campanulate, 3–5 mm;

calyx lobes caducous, leaving round crateriform scar at ovary summit, equal, 0.5 × 0.5 mm;

petals coherent, forming a calyptra, falling as a unit at anthesis;

stamens 50–100, 3–5 mm;

style 6–7 mm.

sessile or pedicellate;

bud clavate, 6–10 mm;

hypanthium narrowly obconic-campanulate;

calyx lobes persistent, ovate, in subequal pairs, 2–3 ×2–4 mm, margins scarious, apex bluntly acute to rounded;

petals distinct, orbiculate, 3–5 mm diam., margins scarious, apex rounded;

stamens 100–150, ca. 10 mm;

style 7–24 mm.

Berries

purple black, ellipsoid, 15–20 mm;

calyx tube reduced to persistent, apical ring, 1–2 mm diam. 2n = 22.

red or purple, globose or ellipsoid, 14–23 mm.

Syzygium cumini

Syzygium australe

Phenology Flowering spring, summer. Flowering late summer–winter.
Habitat Disturbed areas, often near fresh water. Disturbed riparian areas.
Elevation 0–40 m. (0–100 ft.) 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; se Asia (including India) [Introduced in North America; introduced also elsewhere in tropics]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; Australia [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Syzygium cumini is known in the flora area from the central and southern peninsula.

Pimenta dioica has become established near Miami, Florida, and is perhaps most similar to Syzygium cumini. Of the berry fruited species, only these two have many-flowered panicles. Pimenta dioica is most easily distinguished from S. cumini by having pubescent (versus glabrous) flowering hypanthia, leaves with 10–15 prominent lateral veins (versus numerous weak lateral veins), embryos with a hypocotyl much longer than the cotyledons, and leaves with a strong spicy aroma when crushed.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Syzygium australe is known in the flora area from Los Angeles to San Diego in southern California,

Syzygium australe is sometimes confused with S. paniculatum Gaertner, which also is commonly cultivated in California and naturalized near San Diego. Syzygium paniculatum differs from S. australe in twigs not winged or ribbed and in not having a pocketlike structure just distal to leaf nodes, decussate with the petioles at that leaf node. The seeds of S. paniculatum are commonly polyembryonic.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Myrtaceae > Syzygium Myrtaceae > Syzygium
Sibling taxa
S. australe, S. jambos
S. cumini, S. jambos
Synonyms Myrtus cumini, Calyptranthes oneillii, Eugenia cumini, E. jambolana Eugenia australis
Name authority (Linnaeus) Skeels: U.S.D.A. Bur. Pl. Industr. Bull. 248: 25. (1912) (J. C. Wendland ex Link) B. Hyland: Austral. J. Bot., Suppl. Ser. 9: 55. (1983)
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