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spineflower, Vortriede's spinyherb

Habit Herbs, annual, polygamodioecious; taproot slender.
Stems

arising directly from the root, spreading, solid, not fistulose or disarticulating into ringlike segments, sparsely glandular.

Leaves

usually quickly deciduous, basal, rosulate;

petiole present;

blade spatulate, margins entire.

Inflorescences

terminal, cymose;

branches dichotomous, not brittle or disarticulating into segments, round, sparsely glandular;

bracts 3–4, perfoliate and connate, spreading to recurved, usually 4-lobed proximally, 3–lobed distally, oblong to triangular, mucronate, sparsely glandular.

Peduncles

absent.

Involucres

1 per node, tubular, turbinate, 4-angled, ventricose and sharply angled;

teeth 4, mucronate.

Flowers

bisexual or unisexual, distal shorter one bisexual, proximal longer one pistillate, 2 per involucre;

perianth bicolored, with floral tube yellow and lobes white to pink or rose, funnelform when open, tubular when closed, glabrous but densely papillate abaxially;

tepals 6, connate 1/3 their length, monomorphic, 2-lobed apically;

stamens 9;

filaments free, glabrous;

anthers maroon to red, oblong.

Achenes

exserted (bisexual) or included and aborted (pistillate), dark brown to black, not winged, 3-gonous, glabrous.

Seeds

embryo curved.

x

= 19.

Systenotheca

Distribution
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 1.

Systenotheca is the only member of Chorizanthineae that is polygamodioecious, a feature otherwise found in some members of Eriogonum (Eriogonineae). Among the eriogonoid genera, Systenotheca may be readily distinguished also by the 4-angled, 4-bracted, boxlike involucres. No pistillate flower has been observed to produce a mature achene.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 471. Author: James L. Reveal.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae
Subordinate taxa
S. vortriedei
Name authority Reveal & Hardham: Phytologia 66: 85. (1989)
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