Symphyotrichum turbinellum |
Symphyotrichum ciliatum |
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prairie aster, smooth violet prairie aster, turbinate aster |
alkali American aster, aster cilié, rayless alkali aster, rayless annual American-aster, rayless annual aster, rayless annual or rayless alkali aster |
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Habit | Perennials, 30–100 cm, cespitose; with thick, branched, woody caudices. | Annuals, 7–70+ cm. |
Stems | 1–5+, erect, straight (stout, brittle), glabrous or sparsely hirtellous in lines. |
1, ascending to erect (straight), bluish yellowish green, often red-tinged, ± succulent, glabrous. |
Leaves | (paler green or bluish green abaxially) firm, margins scabrous, apices mucronate, faces glabrous, abaxial raised midribs scabrous to glabrate; basal withering by flowering, subpetiolate to shortly petiolate (petioles winged, sheathing, coarsely ciliate), blades oblanceolate to oblong-oblanceolate, 45–65 × 5–8 mm, bases cuneate, margins shallowly crenate, strigoso-ciliate, apices acute, obtuse or rounded; proximal cauline withering by flowering, subpetiolate or sessile, blades elliptic-lanceolate to linear-oblanceolate or -lanceolate, 40–120 × 5–20 mm, reduced distally, bases cuneate to slightly attenuate or rounded, slightly clasping, margins serrulate-crenate or entire, apices acute to acuminate; distal sessile, blades oblanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate or linear-oblong, (10–)15–100 × 1–5 mm, gradually reduced distally (more strongly so on branches), bases cuneate or rounded, margins entire, apices acuminate. |
bluish (green) thin, sometimes ± fleshy, margins usually entire, sometimes serrulate, strigoso-ciliate to scabrous, midribs conspicuous, apices acute to short-acuminate, faces glabrous; basal withering by flowering, petiolate, blades spatulate, 15–205 × 1.5–9 mm, bases attenuate; proximal cauline usually withering by flowering (with clusters of smaller leaves in axils, often elongating into branches); cauline sessile, blades linear-oblanceolate, (10–)30–80(–150) × 1–4(–9) mm, gradually reduced distally, bases slightly dilated and clasping to rounded. |
Peduncles | long, thin, (1–)4–10(–25) cm, branches to 10 cm, bracts 8–15, regularly spaced but becoming crowded distally, appressed or ascending, linear-oblong to subulate, 1.5–4 mm, grading into phyllaries, mucronulate. |
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Involucres | turbinate to cylindro-campanulate, 7–12 mm. |
narrowly campanulate, 5–7(–11) mm. |
Ray florets | 14–20; corollas light blue to lavender or purple, laminae 12–20 × (1–)1.5–2.8 mm. |
0. |
Pistillate florets | 75–95+ in 4–5+ series; laminae 0 (corolla tubes ± 2 mm, shorter than style branches). |
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Disc florets | 15–20+; corollas yellow turning purple, (4.5–)5–7 mm, tubes slightly shorter than narrowly funnelform throats, lobes triangular, 0.5–1 mm. |
± 14; corollas whitish turning pink, ± ampliate, tubes slender, longer than narrowly funnelform limbs, 3.5–5 mm, lobes narrowly triangular, ± 0.2 mm. |
Phyllaries | in 6–9 series, appressed or ± spreading, shortly oblong-lanceolate to subulate (outer) to linear-oblong or linear (inner), strongly unequal, bases indurate 1/2–5/6, abaxially rounded, margins scarious, erose, hyaline, sparsely ciliolate distally, green zones oblanceolate to rhombic-oblanceolate, in distal 1/6–1/2, apices acute (outer) to obtuse or rounded (inner), often callous-mucronulate, faces glabrous. |
in 3–4 series, loose, linear to narrowly oblanceolate, subequal or outer sometimes longer, bases scarious, margins narrowly scarious proximally (outer), scabrous, green zones foliaceous (outer and mid) to lanceolate (inner), apices acute (rarely obtuse), mucronulate, faces glabrous. |
Heads | in open, broad, much ramified, paniculiform arrays, branches ascending to arching, thin, brittle, remotely leafy, rarely sessile. |
(disciform) in ± dense, narrow to pyramidal, paniculiform to racemiform arrays, branches decumbent (proximal) to ascending (distal); peduncles 0–1 cm, glabrous, bracts linear-lanceolate to linear, crowding heads. |
Cypselae | yellow-tan or light brown to gray, obovoid, ± compressed, (1.8–)2–2.8 mm, 2–4-nerved, faces minutely strigillose; pappi whitish to reddish brown, 4.5–6.4 mm. |
purple or grayish with purple streaks, obovoid to oblong-obovoid, ± compressed, 1.5–2.5 mm, 2–4-nerved (faint), faces hirsuto-strigose; pappi white or pinkish, 4–6 mm. |
2n | = 96. |
= 14. |
Symphyotrichum turbinellum |
Symphyotrichum ciliatum |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Oct. | Flowering Aug–Oct. |
Habitat | Open, dry, acidic (chert, sandstone, or granite), rocky or loamy soils, woods and glades on upland slopes and ridges in soils associated with or on leached soils above bluffs, pastures, roadsides | Moist, brackish soils, prairies, steppes, salt marshes (Hudson Bay), summer-receding prairie ponds, open grounds in loess hills, irrigation channels, winter-salted highways, railroads, waste grounds |
Elevation | 60–900 m (200–3000 ft) | 0–2000+ m (0–6600+ ft) |
Distribution |
AR; IA; IL; KS; LA; MO; NE; OK
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AK; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NY; OH; OK; PA; SD; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; n Eurasia (w to Rumania)
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Discussion | Symphyotrichum turbinellum is mostly Ozarkian. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Symphyotrichum ciliatum is introduced east of the Prairies in winter-salted wastegrounds and roadsides; it is native in northern Ontario, however, in the saltmarshes of the western shore of James Bay. It is native to the steppes of Eurasia, westward to Rumania. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 530. | FNA vol. 20, p. 499. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Symphyotrichum > subg. Symphyotrichum > sect. Symphyotrichum | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Symphyotrichum > subg. Symphyotrichum > sect. Conyzopsis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Aster turbinellus | Erigeron ciliatus, Aster angustus, Aster brachyactis, Brachyactis angusta, Brachyactis ciliata subsp. angusta |
Name authority | (Lindley) G. L. Nesom: Phytologia 77: 293. (1995) | (Ledebour) G. L. Nesom: Phytologia 77: 277. (1995) |
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