Symphyotrichum prenanthoides |
Symphyotrichum walteri |
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crooked-stem American-aster, crookedstem aster |
Walter's aster |
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Habit | Perennials, 20–90(–120) cm, colonial; long-rhizomatous. | Perennials, 20–100 cm, colonial or cespitose, eglandular, sometimes sparsely, minutely stipitate-glandular; long-rhizomatous, with erect, thick, ± cormoid, woody caudices. |
Stems | 1(–3+), ascending to erect (usually flexuous, sometimes ± straight, sometimes stout, older often dark purple), glabrous proximally, moderately hirsute distally. |
1–5+, erect to scandent-sprawling (mid to dark brown, branched from middle), glabrous or very sparsely fine strigose. |
Leaves | thin, margins scabrous, apices mucronate, abaxial faces glabrous, midveins hispid to glabrate, adaxial scabrous; basal withering by flowering, petiolate (petioles slender or slightly winged, bases reddish, dilated, sheathing, ciliate), blades obovate to oblanceolate, 15–70 × 10–20 mm, bases attenuate, margins crenate-serrate, apices acute to obtuse; proximalmost cauline withering by flowering, proximal mostly persistent, petiolate to subpetiolate (petioles ± widely winged, bases dilated, strongly auriculate-clasping), blades ovate to lance-ovate or elliptic-lanceolate to oblanceolate, 80–160(–200) × 15–55 mm, progressively reduced distally, bases attenuate, margins sharply serrate (teeth mucronulate), apices acuminate to subcaudate; distal subpetiolate or sessile (petioles broadly winged, auriculate-clasping), blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, sometimes panduriform, 7–90 × 2–25 mm, progressively reduced distally, more sharply so on branches, bases attenuate (petiolate) or ± cuneate to auriculate-clasping and slightly constricted above auricles (panduriform), margins serrate or entire. |
(bright green) thick, firm, ± succulent, margins entire; basal early deciduous, sessile, blades (3-nerved) oblanceolate to obovate, 10–43 × 7–15 mm, bases cuneate, margins scabrous, apices obtuse, mucronate, faces sparsely finely scabrous; proximal cauline sessile (patent to reflexed), blades ovate to lanceolate, 8–30 × 2–10 mm, bases cordate-clasping, apices acute, sometimes spinulose, faces finely scabrous, shiny; distal sessile, blades lanceolate to triangular, 5–15 × 2.5–3.5 mm, reduced to bracts distally, bases clasping, margins finely scabrous, apices acute, white-spinulose, faces finely scabrous. |
Peduncles | (8–)10–40 mm, sparsely to densely hispid, bracts lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3–12 mm, somewhat grading into phyllaries. |
glabrous, bracts relatively numerous, tiny, foliaceous, becoming minute, linear, glabrous. |
Involucres | campanulate, 5–6 mm. |
campanulate, 5–7 mm. |
Ray florets | 17–25(–30); corollas usually lavender to blue, rarely white, laminae 7.5–12(–15) × 1–2 mm. |
11–26; corollas bluish purple, laminae 5–9(–11) × 0.5–1 mm. |
Disc florets | 39–50(–65); corollas cream colored or light yellow becoming purple or brown, 3.5–5 mm, tubes ± equaling campanulate to funnelform throats (thinly puberulent), lobes triangular, 0.5–1 mm. |
(6–)15–25(–30); corollas yellow, 4–6.5 mm, throats narrowly funnelform, lobes triangular, 0.4–0.8 mm. |
Phyllaries | in 4–6 series, oblong-lanceolate or -oblanceolate, slightly constricted near middle (outer) to linear-lanceolate or linear (inner), ± unequal (flexible), bases indurate 1/5–1/2, margins ± narrowly hyaline, scarious, erose, sometimes ciliolate distally, green zones lanceolate to linear-lanceolate (inner), often distally foliaceous, sometimes outer ± entirely so, apices spreading to ± squarrose, acute to acuminate, mucronulate, abaxial faces sparsely hirsutulous to glabrate or glabrous, adaxial glabrous or sparsely hirsutulous. |
in 4–5 series, oblanceolate, strongly unequal, bases (tan) ± indurate, margins hyaline, finely scabrous, green zones diamond-shaped, in distal 1/4–1/2, apices obtuse, mucronate to finely subspinulose, innermost acuminate, faces sparsely strigillose (often obscured by thick, shiny cuticle). |
Heads | in broad, ± flat, corymbo-paniculiform arrays, branches often purplish, divaricate to ascending, slender. |
borne singly in diffusely paniculiform arrays, branches initially patent to divaricate, elongate. |
Cypselae | dull purple or stramineous with purple streaks or purplish-tinged, cylindro-oblanceoloid to obovoid, ± compressed, 2–3(–3.5) mm, 4–6-nerved, faces sparsely to moderately strigillose; pappi sordid, 3.5–4.5 mm. |
tan to brown, obovoid, not compressed, 2–2.5 mm, nerves very faint, faces sparsely to moderately strigose; pappi tan, 4–6 mm. |
2n | = 32. |
= 20. |
Symphyotrichum prenanthoides |
Symphyotrichum walteri |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Oct. | Flowering Oct–Dec. |
Habitat | Moist or swampy grounds, woods, thickets, meadows, seeps, stream banks, roadsides | Sandy, clayey soils, margins of woods, open oak-pine scrub, pine flatwoods, fields, roadsides |
Elevation | 100–1500 m (300–4900 ft) | 0–100+ m (0–300+ ft) |
Distribution |
CT; DC; DE; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; VA; WI; WV; ON
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FL; GA; NC; SC
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Discussion | Symphyotrichum prenanthoides is of conservation concern in Canada and in a number of states. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 527. | FNA vol. 20, p. 492. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Symphyotrichum > subg. Symphyotrichum > sect. Symphyotrichum | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Symphyotrichum > subg. Virgulus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Aster prenanthoides | Aster walteri, Lasallea walteri, Virgulus walteri |
Name authority | (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) G. L. Nesom: Phytologia 77: 290. (1995) | (Alexander) G. L. Nesom: Phytologia 77: 294. (1995) |
Web links |