Flora of North America species comparison

1–3+, erect (straight to ± flexuous), glabrate to sparsely hirsute or strigillose, especially distally.

1–3+, ascending to erect (sometimes purple or purplish brown), glabrous or glabrate, sparsely hairy in leaf axils [villous to sericeous].

thin, margins coarsely, sharply serrate to crenate-serrate or serrulate, ciliate to scabrous, apices acute or acuminate, mucronulate, abaxial faces glabrate to sparsely hirsute, midveins usually densely hirsute, sometimes glabrous, adaxial glabrous or glabrate to scabrellous;

basal usually withering by flowering (sometimes persistent on small plants), long-petiolate (petioles slightly winged, sheathing, ciliate), blades ovate, (24–)40–120(–270) × 15–70 mm, bases usually shallowly cordate, sometimes rounded;

proximal cauline often withering by flowering, winged-petiolate, blades ovate to oblanceolate or lanceolate, (24–)60–150 × (10–)20–60 mm, reduced distally, bases subcordate to cuneate;

distal sessile or sometimes subsessile (petioles widely-winged), blades lance-ovate to linear-lanceolate or linear, 18–75 × (2–)5–25 mm, bases cuneate, sometimes ± clasping, margins serrulate or entire.

thin, apices callous-pointed, faces glabrous or glabrate;

basal usually withering by flowering, long-petiolate, petioles sheathing, sparsely ciliate, blades lanceolate, 40–110 × (3–)5–7 mm, bases attenuate, margins entire to crenulate, rarely with 1–2 teeth, apices obtuse to rounded, callus-pointed;

proximalmost cauline sometimes withering by flowering, winged-petiolate or sessile distally, blades lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 50–120(–180) × 1–6 mm, bases attenuate, margins entire, sparsely ciliate, apices acute;

distal sessile, blades subulate to lanceolate, 10–50 × 1–2 mm, bases clasping, apices acuminate.

0.2–1.5+ cm, unequal, reduced distally, ± hirsutulous, bracts 0–4, subulate or linear.

1–4(–6) cm, ascending, glabrate, bracts 1–4(–5), subulate to lanceolate, foliaceous.

campanulate, (4–)5–6.5 mm.

cylindric to hemispheric, (4.5–)5–7.3 mm.

(12–)14–20;

corollas pale to deep blue or bluish purple, laminae (8.3–)10–15 × 1–2.3 mm.

14–27;

corollas white, laminae (4.6–)5.6–7(–9.5)–10.3 × 1.3–2 mm.

14–25(–29);

corollas yellow becoming reddish purple, 4.3–6.4 mm, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes narrowly triangular, 0.5–1.1 mm.

18–35(–42);

corollas yellow, 3.5–5 mm, tubes shorter than funnelform throats (hairy), lobes± spreading, triangular, 0.5–0.7 mm.

in 4–5 series, narrowly oblong-lanceolate to oblong-oblanceolate or linear-oblanceolate (innermost), ± unequal, bases indurate 1/3–2/3, margins narrowly scarious, erose, hyaline or infrequently purplish, sparsely ciliolate, green zones lanceolate to linear-lanceolate or linear, apices acuminate to long-acuminate, faces glabrous.

in 2–3(–5) series, subulate to lanceolate, bases indurate, margins hyaline, entire to erose, often ciliate, green zones linear-lanceolate (outer) or rhombic (inner), apices acute, faces glabrous [sparsely villous].

[(6–)13–50(–100+)] in open, paniculiform arrays, branches ascending.

(1–)3–20(–40), in paniculiform arrays, branches patent.

yellowish white, obovoid, compressed, 1–2 mm, 5–6-nerved, faces glabrate to sparsely strigillose;

pappi white to pinkish, 3–6 mm.

light brown to gray, narrowly obovoid to fusiform, sometimes ± compressed, 2–3 mm, 5-nerved, faces glabrate to sparsely strigillose;

pappi white to cream, 3.5–5.5 mm.

= 48.

= 10.