Symphyotrichum chilense |
Symphyotrichum robynsianum |
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common California aster, common California or Pacific aster, Pacific aster |
aster à longues feuilles, longleaf aster, Robyns' aster |
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Habit | Perennials, 40–100(–120) cm, colonial or cespitose; long-rhizomatous. | Perennials, 10–80 cm, colonial; long-rhizomatous. |
Stems | 1–5+, ascending or erect, glabrous or hirsute. |
1, erect (± flexuous, often reddish), glabrous, hairy in lines distally. |
Leaves | thin, margins entire, apices usually acute, faces glabrous or sparsely puberulent; basal withering by flowering, petiolate, blades (linear-)oblanceolate to obovate, 30–200 × 4–40 mm, bases attenuate, margins entire to finely serrate, apices acute; proximalmost cauline sometimes withering by flowering, sessile, blades broadly to narrowly oblanceolate, 40–150 × 5–30 mm, bases usually ± attenuate or cuneate; distal sessile, blades lanceolate to oblanceolate, 25–90 × 5–30 mm, bases cuneate. |
stiff, margins sparsely serrulate or entire, ± revolute, scabrous, apices acute to acuminate, mucronulate, faces glabrous, sometimes midveins hairy; basal withering by flowering, long-petiolate, petioles narrowly winged, bases sheathing, blades lanceolate, ca. 20 × 3–5 mm, slightly attenuate to narrowly cuneate; proximal cauline withering by flowering, sessile or subpetiolate, blades linear-lanceolate to -oblanceolate, 100–200 × 4–8 mm, bases cuneate to attenuate, clasping; distal sessile, blades linear-lanceolate to linear, 10–110 × 1–7 mm, progressively reduced distally, bases cuneate to rounded, slightly clasping or not, margins entire. |
Peduncles | puberulent, bracts 3–10, lanceolate to elliptic, margins often scabrous to ciliolate. |
glabrous or ± densely pilose in lines, bracts 1–4, linear, sometimes inrolled distally, clasping, ciliate, distal 1–2 often subtending and surpassing involucres. |
Involucres | campanulate, 5–8 mm. |
campanulate, 5–8.5 mm. |
Ray florets | 15–40; corollas violet, laminae 9–15 × 1.5–2.5 mm. |
20–35; corollas dark blue-violet, seldom white, laminae 8–13 × 1–1.5 mm. |
Disc florets | 35–60+; corollas yellow, 4–8 mm, lobes triangular, 0.5–1 mm. |
(18–)23–40; corollas yellow, 4–6.5 mm, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes lanceolate, 0.8–1 mm. |
Phyllaries | in 3–5 series, oblanceolate or oblong (outer) to linear (inner), unequal to subequal (outer usually shorter than inner, if so, lengths less than 3 times widths), bases scarious (outer) less than 1/2 or sometimes wholly foliaceous, inner scarious, margins eciliate or ciliolate, green zones oblanceolate to obovate or linear (innermost), apices (outer) obtuse, (inner) acute, faces glabrous or puberulent. |
in 3–4 series, oblong-lanceolate, subequal, bases indurate 1/3–3/4, margins scarious, erose, hyaline, ciliate proximally, sparsely ciliolate distally, green zones lanceolate to linear, sometimes outer ± foliaceous, apices acuminate to long-acuminate, often foliaceous, mucronate to apiculate, faces glabrous, eglandular. |
Heads | in open, paniculiform arrays, some branches at least 20+ cm. |
in elongate, open, narrow, paniculiform or racemiform arrays, branches ascending, short, leafy, branch leaves smaller and reduced distally (heads 1–3 per branch). |
Cypselae | brown, cylindric to obovoid, not compressed, 3.5–4.5 mm, 2–4-nerved, faces hairy; pappi white to tawny, 4–8 mm. |
tan, obovoid, compressed, ca. 2.2–2.4 mm, 5–6-nerved, faces sparsely strigillose; pappi pinkish, 7–8 mm. |
2n | = 48, 64, 96. |
= 64, 80. |
Symphyotrichum chilense |
Symphyotrichum robynsianum |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | Flowering Aug–Sep. |
Habitat | Grasslands, salt marshes, coastal dunes and bluffs, coastal grasslands and scrub, open disturbed habitats in evergreen and Pacific coast coniferous forest | Wet or damp, open, sandy, gravelly, or rocky grounds, often calcareous, cracks in rocky stream or lake shores, limestone alvars, seasonally wet glades and swales, jackpine outwash plains |
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | 10–400 m (0–1300 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC
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MI; MN; WI; MB; ON; QC
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Discussion | Symphyotrichum chilense is restricted to coastal habitats from southwestern British Columbia to central California. It is almost entirely coastal in Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia, where it is mainly hexaploid (2n = 48). In Oregon, where it is sympatric with S. subspicatum, the latter is mainly duodecaploid (2n = 96). The distinction does not hold in British Columbia, however, where S. subspicatum is both 2n = 48 and 96, and where S. chilense is less common (G. A. Allen 1984). The species was erroneously thought by Nees to occur in Chile. The plants named Aster chilensis var. medius Jepson are hybrids of S. chilense and S. lentum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The name Aster longifolius Lamarck has been misapplied to this taxon. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 536. | FNA vol. 20, p. 530. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Symphyotrichum > subg. Symphyotrichum > sect. Occidentales | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Symphyotrichum > subg. Symphyotrichum > sect. Symphyotrichum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Aster chilensis, Aster chilensis var. invenustus | Aster robynsianus |
Name authority | (Nees) G. L. Nesom: Phytologia 77: 277. (1995) | (J. Rousseau) Brouillet & Labrecque: Phytologia 82: 138. (1997) |
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