Flora of North America species comparison

1–10+, ascending to erect, glabrous or sparsely puberulent.

1, erect to ascending (stout, ± glaucous or reddish), glabrate to moderately hispidulous-hirsute (mostly in lines) distally.

thin, margins entire or sometimes serrate, apices acute;

basal withering by flowering, petiolate, blades narrowly lanceolate, 60–200 × 10–20 mm, attenuate or cuneate, margins usually entire, sometimes serrate, apices acute, faces glabrous or sparsely puberulent;

proximalmost cauline sometimes withering by flowering, sessile, blades narrowly lanceolate, 50–150 × 8–25 mm, bases cuneate, often auriculate, apices acute;

distal sessile, blades linear to narrowly lanceolate, 20–120 × 3–20 mm, bases cuneate, often auriculate, apices acute.

thick, firm, margins often revolute, scabrous, apices mucronate, abaxial faces glabrous, vein areoles conspicuous, ± isodiametric, adaxial waxy, glabrate to strigose, ± scabrous (distal cauline with axillary leaf clusters, sometimes becoming branches);

basal withering by flowering, petiolate to subpetiolate (petioles winged, bases sheathing, ciliate), blades spatulate, 40–70 × 10–25 mm, bases attenuate, margins entire to shallowly serrate, apices rounded to obtuse;

proximal cauline withering by flowering, sessile (subpetiolate), blades elliptic or lanceolate to oblanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 40–100(–150) × 3–18 mm, progressively reduced distally, bases cuneate, often slightly rounded, apices acute to attenuate, callus-pointed, abaxial faces scabrellous, adaxial glabrous or ± puberulent;

distal sessile, blades ovate or elliptic-lanceolate to lanceolate or linear, 10–85 × 2–17 mm, progressively reduced distally, bases cuneate, margins entire, apices acute or obtuse, callus-pointed.

sparsely hairy, bracts linear to lanceolate.

0.3–2 cm, ± pilose, bracts 5–12+, ascending or recurved-spreading, lance-elliptic to lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, foliaceous, distal closely subtending heads, not grading into phyllaries.

campanulate, 5–8 mm.

campanulate, (4–)5–7(–8) mm.

20–40;

corollas white to pink, laminae 7–15 × 1–2 mm.

(6–)20–35;

corollas pale blue-violet to lavender or rose-purple, rarely white, laminae 5–10(–12) × 1–1.7 mm.

35–60+;

corollas yellow, 4.5–5 mm, lobes triangular, 0.5–0.75 mm.

20–30(–35+);

corollas cream or light yellow turning pinkish purple, 4–6.5 mm, tubes shorter than narrowly funnelform throats, lobes lanceolate, 0.5–1.3 mm.

in 3–5 series, often spreading, oblanceolate (outer) to linear (inner), subequal, outer indurate less than 1/2, bases outer variable, inner scarious, margins entire, scabrous to ciliolate, green zones oblanceolate to elliptic, apices acute to obtuse, often spreading, faces glabrous or sparsely puberulent.

in 4–6 series, appressed, oblong-lanceolate to linear (innermost) (outer sometimes ± foliaceous), unequal, bases indurate 1/2–3/4, margins scarious, erose, hyaline, sparsely ciliolate (often ciliate basally), green zones lanceolate to lance-rhombic, apices sometimes spreading, acute to acuminate, mucronate, often reddish purple apically, faces glabrous.

in racemiform to narrow, paniculiform arrays, branches usually to 10 cm.

in ample, foliaceous, usually dense, paniculiform arrays, branches ascending to spreading, ± racemiform.

brown, cylindric to obovoid, not compressed, 2.5–3.5 mm, 1–2-nerved, faces hairy;

pappi white, 5–6 mm.

purple or stramineous with purple, obovoid, sometimes ± compressed, 1.5–2 mm, 4–5-nerved, faces thinly strigillose;

pappi white, 4–6.5 mm.

= 16, 32, 48, 64.

= 32, 48, 64.