Flora of North America species comparison

1–3+, erect (straight, slender, often reddish to slightly glaucous proximally), glabrous.

1–5, ascending to erect, sparsely hispid distally.

stiff, margins entire to sparsely subserrulate, revolute, scabrellous, apices mucronulate, sometimes with callous point, faces glabrous, abaxial midveins sometimes sparsely strigillose;

basal withering by flowering, subpetiolate to petiolate, petioles winged, base dilated, sheathing, eciliate, blades linear-oblanceolate to ovate or suborbiculate, 20–150 × 5–60 mm, bases attenuate, margins shallowly serrate or entire, apices obtuse to rounded;

proximal cauline withering by flowering, sessile or subpetiolate, petioles widely winged, bases strongly clasping, blades linear-lanceolate to linear, 15–90 × 2–12 mm, bases attenuate to cuneate or subauriculate, ± clasping, apices obtuse to acute;

distal sessile, blades linear-lanceolate (sometimes lanceolate) to linear, (40–)60–150 × 2–6(–8) mm, ± reduced distally, bases subauriculate, subclasping, margins entire or sometimes remotely serrulate, apices acute.

thin, margins entire to serrate, apices acute, faces scabrous;

basal withering by flowering, petiolate, blades elliptic to obovate 30–300 × 15–50 mm, attenuate, margins entire to serrate, apices acute, faces rough-hispidulous;

proximalmost cauline sometimes withering by flowering, sessile, blades elliptic to obovate, 100–200 × 20–50 mm, bases rounded to ± clasping, sometimes auriculate, apices acute;

distal sessile, blades 20–150 × 10–40 mm, bases cuneate, usually auriculate, apices acute.

0.5–5 cm, glabrous, bracts 1–3, remote, linear-lanceolate to linear, reduced distally, not grading into phyllaries (sometimes subtending heads).

sparsely hairy, bracts lanceolate to linear.

cylindro-campanulate, (4–)5–8 mm.

campanulate, 5–8 mm.

(15–)25–35(–41);

corollas white to often pale rose, pale purple or lavender, laminae (7–)10–15(–20) × 1.1–1.5 mm.

15–40;

corollas violet, laminae 8–15 × 1–2 mm.

(15–)25–30(–40);

corollas cream or pale yellow becoming pink or brown purple, 3.7–6.6 mm, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes triangular, 0.5–1 mm.

35–60+;

corollas yellow, 3.5–4 mm, lobes triangular, 0.5–0.8 mm.

in 4–5 series, usually appressed, rarely outer recurved, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate (outer) to linear (innermost) ± unequal to sometimes subequal, bases indurate 1/3–1/2 (sometimes not indurate), margins scarious, erose, hyaline or tinged with reddish purple, sparsely ciliolate, green zones lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, apices acute to acuminate, mucronate to apiculate, often purple or reddish purple (particularly inner), faces glabrous.

in 4–6 series, narrowly oblong (outer) to linear (inner), unequal to subequal, bases scarious, margins scarious, entire, green zones lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, apices acute, faces glabrate or puberulent.

borne singly or in open, often lax, racemiform or paniculiform arrays, branches ascending, sparsely leafy.

in paniculiform arrays, branches 10–30 cm.

yellowish tan or purple to brownish with purple streaks or grayish tan (nerves stramineous), obovoid, ± compressed, 0.6–2 mm, 3–5-nerved, faces sparsely strigillose;

pappi white, 2.7–6.4 mm.

brown, cylindric to obovoid, not compressed, 2.5–3.5 mm, 3–4-nerved, faces hairy;

pappi white, 3.5–4 mm.

= 16, 32, 48, 64.

= 16.