Suaeda maritima |
Suaeda conferta |
|
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herbaceous sea-blite, herbaceous seepweed, white sea-blite |
beach seepweed, tuft sea-blite |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual, prostrate to ascending, occasionally erect, sometimes forming mats, glaucous or green, 0.5–10 dm. | Shrubs, forming dense tufts and mats, 2–10 × 2–50 dm. |
Stems | prostrate, decumbent, or erect, usually light brown, simple or branched, sometimes slightly woody at base; main branches arising from proximal part of plant. |
prostrate to decumbent, gray, branched, very brittle, occasionally rooting at nodes, glabrous, leaf scars ± knobby; branches prostrate to spreading, glaucous. |
Leaves | ascending or spreading; blade linear, usually subterete, sometimes flat, 10–50 × 0.8–1.7 mm, apex blunt to acute. |
crowded at tips of vegetative stems; petiole flat, ± 1 mm; blade glaucous, ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid; 2–10 × 1–2 mm, apex rounded. |
Flowers | bisexual; perianth actinomorphic to slightly irregular with segments subequal, 2–3.3 mm diam.; perianth segments thin to abaxially rounded and occasionally distally hooded at maturity, without appendages, apex obtuse; stigmas 2–3(–5). |
bisexual or pistillate; perianth 2–3 mm diam.; perianth segments proximally connate; ovary ± vase-shaped with necklike extension; stigmas 2–3. |
Seeds | monomorphic, lenticular, 1–2.2 mm diam.; seed coat reddish brown or black, reticulate. |
horizontal or vertical, 0.8–1.2 mm; seed coat black. |
Glomes | on main stem and lateral branches, not crowded into compound, distal spikes, 1–4-flowered; proximal bracts resembling leaves, distal bracts gradually reduced, 3–12 mm, slightly wider at the base. |
usually confined to distal stems and branches, forming ± densely crowded, ascending compound spikes, 1–5-flowered; branches 1–1.5 mm diam., as thick as vegetative ones; bracts glaucous, leaflike in shape, 1–5 mm. |
2n | = 36. |
|
Suaeda maritima |
Suaeda conferta |
|
Phenology | Flowering late summer–fall. | Flowering spring–fall. |
Habitat | Coastal salt marshes, ballast | Sandy beaches and dunes, saline flats, mostly on bare soils |
Elevation | 0-10 m (0-0 ft) | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; MA; ME; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VA; MB; NB; NF; NS; PE; QC; Europe; Asia (Arabia); Africa; Pacific Islands (Japan, New Zealand)
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TX; Mexico; West Indies |
Discussion | Suaeda maritima is a polymorphic taxon with a worldwide distribution, including native and naturalized populations. Many varieties and subspecies have been described, mostly distinguished by seed size and growth habit (J. Boucaud 1962; I. J. Bassett and C. Crompton 1978). Small, procumbent, mat-forming plants from Newfoundland and Nova Scotia with seeds 1–1.5 mm in diameter have been called subsp. richii, whereas subsp. maritima has seeds 1.5–2 mm in diameter (I. J. Bassett and C. W. Crompton 1978). Seed dimorphism has been reported from populations in Europe (D. Metzing 1996) and may also exist in some North American populations. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 4. | FNA vol. 4, p. 397. |
Parent taxa | Chenopodiaceae > Suaeda > sect. Brezia | Chenopodiaceae > Suaeda > sect. Limbogermen |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chenopodium maritimum, S. fernaldii, S. maritima subsp. richii, S. richii | Dondia conferta, S. insularis |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Dumortier: Fl. Belg., 22. (1827) | (Small) I. M. Johnston: J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 230. (1943) |
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