Stylosanthes biflora |
Stylosanthes humilis |
|
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endbeak pencilflower, pencil-flower, sidebeak pencilflower |
townsville stylo |
|
Stems | herbaceous, erect or spreading, much branched, to 6 dm, glabrous, puberulent, or densely hispid. |
suffruticose at base, usually ascending, sometimes prostrate, branched, to 5 dm, with short white hairs along one side of stem, glabrous or short-hispid, not viscid. |
Leaves | stipular sheath 8–15-veined, glabrous or puberulent to densely hispid, teeth of distal stipules mostly shorter than sheath; petiole 1–3 mm; leaflet blades ovate to elliptic or lanceolate, 40–20 mm, veins 3–6 pairs, base cuneate, margins sometimes spinulose, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces sometimes punctate abaxially, glabrous. |
stipular sheath 3–7-veined, teeth of distal stipules shorter than sheath; petiole 2.5–5 mm; leaflet blades lanceolate to elliptic, 15 × 3.5 mm, veins 3–4 pairs, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute, mucronate, surfaces bristly-ciliate or glabrous, not punctate. |
Inflorescences | 1–8-flowered, ovoid, to 1 cm, axis rudiment absent; bracts usually 1-foliolate, sometimes 3-foliolate proximally, 3–6 × 2.5–5.5 mm, 5–9-veined, puberulent to densely hispid; outer bracteole 2–3 mm, apex glabrous or ciliate; inner bracteole 1, 1–2.5 mm, apex glabrous or ciliate. |
3 or 4-flowered, ovoid, to 1.5 cm, axis rudiment absent; bracts 1–3-foliolate, 5–9-veined, 2.5–4.5 mm wide, bristly; outer bracteole 2.5–3.5 mm, apex ciliate; inner bracteole 1, 2–2.5 mm, apex ciliate. |
Flowers | calyx tube 2.5–5 mm, lobes ± acute; corolla yellow or orange-yellow; banner suborbiculate, 4.5–7 mm; wings 3.5–4.5 mm; keel 3–4 mm. |
calyx tube 4–5 mm, lobes acute; corolla yellow; banner suborbiculate, 3–4 mm; wings 3–4 mm; keel 3–3.5 mm. |
Seeds | 1–1.5 mm. |
1–1.5 mm. |
Loments | strongly reticulate with vertical veins, 2.5–3 mm wide; fertile segment 1; proximal segment sterile; distal segment 2.5–5 mm, puberulent; beak hooked, 0.5–1 mm, to 1/5 distal segment. |
reticulate, 1.5–2.5 mm wide; fertile segment 1; proximal segment sterile; distal segment 1.5–2.5(–4) mm, puberulent; beak hooked to coiled, 1.5–3.5(–5.5) mm, equaling to greatly surpassing distal segment, pubescent. |
2n | = 20. |
|
Stylosanthes biflora |
Stylosanthes humilis |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Dry, open, rocky or sandy woodlands, borders, barrens, moist pine savannas, old fields, roadsides. | Rocky slopes, mesas. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 1000–2000 m. (3300–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; Mexico
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AZ; Mexico; Central America; West Indies (Cuba) [Introduced in Asia (Malaysia), Australia] |
Discussion | In the flora area, Stylosanthes humilis is documented from Cochise and Santa Cruz counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Stylosanthes | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Stylosanthes |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Trifolium biflorum, S. floridana, S. riparia | |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Britton: Sterns & Poggenburg, Prelim. Cat., 13. (1888) | Kunth in A. von Humboldt et al.: Nov. Gen. Sp. 6(fol.): 395; 6(qto.): 506; plate 594. (1824) |
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