Streptanthus polygaloides |
Streptanthus hispidus |
|
---|---|---|
milkwort jewelflower |
Mount Diablo jewelflower, Mt. Diablo jewel flower |
|
Habit | Annuals; (sometimes glaucous), glabrous throughout. | Annuals; densely hirsute-hispid throughout, (trichomes to 1.4 mm). |
Stems | unbranched or branched distally, (0.8–)2–8(–10) dm. |
unbranched or branched basally, 0.3–3 dm. |
Basal leaves | (soon withered); rosulate; petiolate; blade 1- or 2-pinnatifid (with broadly linear to filiform lobes), 2–20 cm, margins sinuate-dentate. |
not rosulate; shortly petiolate; blade obovate, 1–5 cm, margins coarsely to shallowly dentate. |
Cauline leaves | blade linear, 1–10 cm × 1–3 mm, (smaller distally), base auriculate, margins entire. |
blade obovate to oblong, 0.7–6 cm × 2–25 mm, base cuneate or truncate, not auriculate or (distally) minutely ariculate, margins coarsely dentate. |
Racemes | ebracteate, (lax). |
ebracteate, (not secund, with a terminal cluster of sterile flowers). |
Flowers | (markedly zygomorphic); calyx urceolate; sepals greenish yellow or purplish, (abaxial broadly ovate, not keeled, 4–6 × 3–4 mm, lateral ovate-lanceolate, keeled, 4–6 × 1.5–2 mm, adaxial suborbicular to broadly ovate-cordate, forming a bannerlike hood, keeled, 4–6 × 6–8 mm); petals white (with brownish veins), 5–8 mm, blade 1–3 × 0.7–1.2 mm, margins crisped (channeled), claw 4–5 mm, wider than blade; stamens in 3 unequal pairs; filaments: abaxial pair (distinct), 4–5 mm, lateral pair 3–4 mm, adaxial pair (connate), 5–6 mm; anthers: abaxial and lateral pairs fertile, 1.5–2 mm, adaxial pairs sterile, 0.3–0.7 mm; gynophore 0.1–0.4 mm. |
calyx subcampanulate; sepals pale green to purplish, ovate, 4–6 mm, not keeled; petals light purple (with white margins), 6–9 mm, blade 2–3 × 1–1.5 mm, margins crisped, claw 5–6 mm, wider than blade; stamens in 3 unequal pairs; filaments: abaxial pair (connate ca. 1/2 their length), 4–5 mm, lateral pair 3–4 mm, adaxial pair (exserted, connate to near apex), 5–6 mm; anthers: abaxial and adaxial pairs fertile, 1.5–1.8mm, adaxial pair sterile, 0.3–0.5 mm; gynophore 0.1–0.3 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | strongly recurved, 2–5 mm. |
divaricate-ascending, (straight), 2–5 mm. |
Fruits | pendent, smooth, straight, flattened, 2.4–5.6 cm × 1.2–1.7 mm; valves each with obscure or somewhat prominent midvein; replum straight; ovules (10–)18–50 per ovary; style 0.8–2 mm; stigma entire. |
divaricate-ascending to suberect, straight, flattened, 4–8.5 cm × 2–2.5 mm; valves each with prominent midvein; replum straight; ovules 34–66 per ovary; style 0.4–1 mm; stigma slightly 2-lobed. |
Seeds | oblong, 1.7–2 × 0.9–1.1 mm; wing 0.2–0.3 mm wide, distal. |
ovoid to suborbicular, 1.6–2 × 1.2–1.8 mm; wing 0.2–0.35 mm wide, continuous. |
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
Streptanthus polygaloides |
Streptanthus hispidus |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Serpentine substrates in grasslands, openings chaparral, oak and pine woodlands | Talus or rocky outcrops (Franciscan formation, largely on chert) and sparsely vegetated openings in grassland or chaparral |
Elevation | 200-1900 m (700-6200 ft) | 600-1200 m (2000-3900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
|
CA
|
Discussion | Streptanthus polygaloides is highly variable in plant height, flower color, fruit size, and dissection of basal leaves. Further studies may lead to recognition of infraspecific taxa. The species is distributed in Butte, Calaveras, El Dorado, Fresno, Mariposa, Nevada, Sierra, Tuolumne, and Yuba counties. Streptanthus polygaloides is one of the few nickel hyperaccumulators in the flora area, and it averages 2,430–18,600 µg/g dry weight (R. D. Reeves et al. 1981; A. R. Kruckeberg and Reeves 1995). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Streptanthus hispidus is known from Mt. Diablo in Contra Costa County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 720. | FNA vol. 7, p. 715. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Microsemia polygaloides | Euklisia hispida |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 519. (1865) | A. Gray: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3: 101. (1864) |
Web links |