Streptanthus polygaloides |
Streptanthus fenestratus |
|
---|---|---|
milkwort jewelflower |
Tehipite Valley jewel flower |
|
Habit | Annuals; (sometimes glaucous), glabrous throughout. | Annuals; (glaucous), glabrous throughout. |
Stems | unbranched or branched distally, (0.8–)2–8(–10) dm. |
unbranched or branched proximally, (0.5–)1–2(–3.5) dm. |
Basal leaves | (soon withered); rosulate; petiolate; blade 1- or 2-pinnatifid (with broadly linear to filiform lobes), 2–20 cm, margins sinuate-dentate. |
rosulate; petiolate (petioles slender); blade 1- or 2-pinnatisect, 1.5–6 cm. |
Cauline leaves | blade linear, 1–10 cm × 1–3 mm, (smaller distally), base auriculate, margins entire. |
blade ovate to lanceolate, similar to basal, base auriculate proximally, amplexicaul distally, margins usually coarsely dentate or entire, rarely pinnatifid (not divided into filiform segments, entire distally). |
Racemes | ebracteate, (lax). |
bracteate below or between proximalmost 1 or 2 flowers. |
Flowers | (markedly zygomorphic); calyx urceolate; sepals greenish yellow or purplish, (abaxial broadly ovate, not keeled, 4–6 × 3–4 mm, lateral ovate-lanceolate, keeled, 4–6 × 1.5–2 mm, adaxial suborbicular to broadly ovate-cordate, forming a bannerlike hood, keeled, 4–6 × 6–8 mm); petals white (with brownish veins), 5–8 mm, blade 1–3 × 0.7–1.2 mm, margins crisped (channeled), claw 4–5 mm, wider than blade; stamens in 3 unequal pairs; filaments: abaxial pair (distinct), 4–5 mm, lateral pair 3–4 mm, adaxial pair (connate), 5–6 mm; anthers: abaxial and lateral pairs fertile, 1.5–2 mm, adaxial pairs sterile, 0.3–0.7 mm; gynophore 0.1–0.4 mm. |
calyx tubular-urceolate; sepals purple, 5–7 mm, slightly keeled or not, (apex recurved); petals rose-purple, 9–15 mm, blade 3–6 × 2.5–3.5 mm, margins not crisped, claw 6–9 mm, narrower than blade; stamens in 3 unequal pairs; filaments (distinct): abaxial pair 3–4 mm, lateral pair 1.5–2.5 mm, adaxial pair 5–7 mm, (recurved); anthers (all) fertile, 2–2.5 mm; gynophore 0.2–2.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | strongly recurved, 2–5 mm. |
divaricate-ascending, (straight), 2–7 mm. |
Fruits | pendent, smooth, straight, flattened, 2.4–5.6 cm × 1.2–1.7 mm; valves each with obscure or somewhat prominent midvein; replum straight; ovules (10–)18–50 per ovary; style 0.8–2 mm; stigma entire. |
usually ascending to divaricate, rarely reflexed, smooth or slightly torulose, slightly flattened, 2–5 cm × 1.2–1.7 mm; valves each with obscure midvein; replum straight; ovules 22–38 per ovary; style 0.1–1 mm; stigma entire. |
Seeds | oblong, 1.7–2 × 0.9–1.1 mm; wing 0.2–0.3 mm wide, distal. |
oblong, 1–1.5 × 0.7–0.9 mm; wing (0–)0.05–0.1 mm wide, distal. |
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
Streptanthus polygaloides |
Streptanthus fenestratus |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Serpentine substrates in grasslands, openings chaparral, oak and pine woodlands | Granitic ledges and sand, gruss deposits in open pine forest |
Elevation | 200-1900 m (700-6200 ft) | 1100-1800 m (3600-5900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
|
CA |
Discussion | Streptanthus polygaloides is highly variable in plant height, flower color, fruit size, and dissection of basal leaves. Further studies may lead to recognition of infraspecific taxa. The species is distributed in Butte, Calaveras, El Dorado, Fresno, Mariposa, Nevada, Sierra, Tuolumne, and Yuba counties. Streptanthus polygaloides is one of the few nickel hyperaccumulators in the flora area, and it averages 2,430–18,600 µg/g dry weight (R. D. Reeves et al. 1981; A. R. Kruckeberg and Reeves 1995). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Streptanthus fenestratus is known from Kings Canyon, Fresno County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 720. | FNA vol. 7, p. 711. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Microsemia polygaloides | Pleiocardia fenestrata |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 519. (1865) | (Greene) J. T. Howell: Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 184. (1961) |
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