Streptanthus polygaloides |
Streptanthus barbiger |
|
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milkwort jewelflower |
bearded jewelflower |
|
Habit | Annuals; (sometimes glaucous), glabrous throughout. | Annuals; glabrous, (sometimes sepals pubescent). |
Stems | unbranched or branched distally, (0.8–)2–8(–10) dm. |
branched basally, (0.7–)1–6.7(–8) dm. |
Basal leaves | (soon withered); rosulate; petiolate; blade 1- or 2-pinnatifid (with broadly linear to filiform lobes), 2–20 cm, margins sinuate-dentate. |
(soon withered); not rosulate; petiolate; blade oblanceolate or oblong to lanceolate, 2–5(–7) cm (5–15 mm wide), margins remotely dentate. |
Cauline leaves | blade linear, 1–10 cm × 1–3 mm, (smaller distally), base auriculate, margins entire. |
blade linear to linear-lanceolate, (1.5–)3–9(–10) cm × 0.5–2 mm (smaller distally), base not auriculate, margins entire. |
Racemes | ebracteate, (lax). |
ebracteate, (lax, often secund). |
Flowers | (markedly zygomorphic); calyx urceolate; sepals greenish yellow or purplish, (abaxial broadly ovate, not keeled, 4–6 × 3–4 mm, lateral ovate-lanceolate, keeled, 4–6 × 1.5–2 mm, adaxial suborbicular to broadly ovate-cordate, forming a bannerlike hood, keeled, 4–6 × 6–8 mm); petals white (with brownish veins), 5–8 mm, blade 1–3 × 0.7–1.2 mm, margins crisped (channeled), claw 4–5 mm, wider than blade; stamens in 3 unequal pairs; filaments: abaxial pair (distinct), 4–5 mm, lateral pair 3–4 mm, adaxial pair (connate), 5–6 mm; anthers: abaxial and lateral pairs fertile, 1.5–2 mm, adaxial pairs sterile, 0.3–0.7 mm; gynophore 0.1–0.4 mm. |
calyx urceolate; sepals (erect), green to purplish, (ovate), 4–6 mm, slightly keeled, (apex recurved, glabrous or hirsute, trichomes retrorse); petals white (abaxial pair with purplish veins), 6–9 mm, blade 2–4 × 1.5–2.5 mm, margins not crisped, claw 4–6 mm, narrower than blade; stamens in 3 unequal pairs; filaments: abaxial pair (connate to middle), 4.5–5.5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–3.5 mm, adaxial pair (connate, strongly recurved, purplish), 7–9 mm; anthers: abaxial and lateral pairs fertile, 1.5–2.2mm, adaxial pair sterile, 0.4–1 mm; gynophore 0.3–1 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | strongly recurved, 2–5 mm. |
ascending to divaricate, 1–2.5(–4) mm. |
Fruits | pendent, smooth, straight, flattened, 2.4–5.6 cm × 1.2–1.7 mm; valves each with obscure or somewhat prominent midvein; replum straight; ovules (10–)18–50 per ovary; style 0.8–2 mm; stigma entire. |
divaricate-ascending to reflexed, slightly torulose, curved or, rarely, straight, slightly flattened, 2–6(–7) cm × 1.2–1.5 mm; valves each with obscure midvein; replum straight; ovules 22–38 per ovary; style 0.1–0.7 mm; stigma entire. |
Seeds | oblong, 1.7–2 × 0.9–1.1 mm; wing 0.2–0.3 mm wide, distal. |
narrowly oblong, 1.3–1.8x 0.6–0.8 mm; wing (0–)0.1–0.25 mm wide distally, (narrower at margin or absent). |
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
Streptanthus polygaloides |
Streptanthus barbiger |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Serpentine substrates in grasslands, openings chaparral, oak and pine woodlands | Serpentine ridges and barrens, openings in chaparral, cypress or pine-oak woodlands |
Elevation | 200-1900 m (700-6200 ft) | 200-1500 m (700-4900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
|
CA
|
Discussion | Streptanthus polygaloides is highly variable in plant height, flower color, fruit size, and dissection of basal leaves. Further studies may lead to recognition of infraspecific taxa. The species is distributed in Butte, Calaveras, El Dorado, Fresno, Mariposa, Nevada, Sierra, Tuolumne, and Yuba counties. Streptanthus polygaloides is one of the few nickel hyperaccumulators in the flora area, and it averages 2,430–18,600 µg/g dry weight (R. D. Reeves et al. 1981; A. R. Kruckeberg and Reeves 1995). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Streptanthus barbiger is distributed in Lake, Mendocino, Sonoma, and Tehama counties. Its holotype has pubescent sepals; most of the collections examined have glabrous ones, though plants with pubescent sepals occur throughout the species range. R. E. Buck et al. (1993) suggested that the two forms apparently represent distinct taxa. This is highly unlikely because both forms occur sometimes in the same population, as evidenced by Breedlove 5145 (GH). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 720. | FNA vol. 7, p. 704. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Microsemia polygaloides | Mesoreanthus barbiger |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 519. (1865) | Greene: Pittonia 1: 217. (1888) |
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