Streptanthus hyacinthoides |
Streptanthus vimineus |
|
---|---|---|
smooth jewelflower, smooth twistflower |
|
|
Habit | Annuals; usually glabrous throughout (sometimes stem bases pubescent). | Annuals; (glaucous), usually glabrous throughout (sometimes sepals pubescent). |
Stems | unbranched or branched distally, 2.8–13 dm. |
branched distal to base, 1–7.5 dm. |
Basal leaves | not seen. |
(soon withered); not rosulate; petiolate; blade narrowly ovate to oblong, 2.5–5 cm, margins entire. |
Cauline leaves | (shortly petiolate or sessile); blade usually linear to linear-lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, 2.5–16 cm × 2–7(–20) mm, (smaller distally), base not auriculate, margins entire. |
blade linear to narrowly linear-lanceolate, 2–12 cm × 1–3(–4) mm, (smaller distally), base auriculate, margins entire. |
Racemes | ebracteate. |
ebracteate, (lax, usually secund). |
Flowers | (slightly zygomorphic, horizontal to pendent); calyx campanulate; sepals purple, lanceolate, 7–11 mm, not keeled; petals deep purple to magenta or whitish (with purple veins), 13–20 mm, blade 7–12 × 1–4 mm, margins not crisped, claw 5–12 mm, (strongly recurved); stamens in 3 unequal pairs; filaments: abaxial pair (connate less than 1/2 their length), 8–14 mm, lateral pair 4–7 mm, adaxial pair (connate ca. 3/4 their length), 7–10 mm; anthers: abaxial and lateral pairs fertile, 2–3 mm, adaxial pairs sterile, 1–1.5 mm; gynophore 0.3–3 mm. |
calyx urceolate; sepals greenish to purplish, ovate-lanceolate, 6–8 mm, keeled, (apex recurved, usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent); petals white (abaxial pair with purple veins), 8–12 mm, blade 3–5 × 2–3 mm, (unequal, abaxial longer than adaxial), margins not crisped, claw 5–7 mm, narrower than blade; stamens in 3 unequal pairs; filaments: abaxial pair (connate 1/2 their length), 4–7 mm, lateral pair 2–4 mm, adaxial pair (connate their whole length, recurved), 7–11 mm; anthers: abaxial and lateral pairs fertile, 2–2.7 mm, adaxial pairs sterile, 0.5–1.2 mm; gynophore 0.2–0.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate-ascending, (straight), 3–10 mm. |
divaricate, (straight), 1–3(–6) mm. |
Fruits | divaricate-ascending, smooth, straight or slightly curved inwards, flattened, 3.7–11.2 cm × 1.5–2 mm; valves each with prominent midvein; replum straight; ovules 90–120 per ovary; style 0.3–1.5 mm; stigma subentire. |
divaricate, slightly torulose, recurved, flattened, 3.5–6.5 cm × 1–1.2 mm; valves each with obscure midvein; replum straight; ovules 28–40 per ovary; style 0.1–0.3 mm; stigma entire. |
Seeds | broadly ovoid, 1.5–1.8 × 1–1.3 mm; wing 0.1–0.25 mm, continuous. |
narrowly oblong, 1–1.5 × 0.6–0.8 mm; wing 0–0.1 mm wide, distal. |
Streptanthus hyacinthoides |
Streptanthus vimineus |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering May–Jul. |
Habitat | Sandy soils of prairies, open glades in woods, grassy roadsides | Serpentine grasslands, ridges and barrens, openings in chaparral |
Elevation | 100-800 m (300-2600 ft) | 200-800 m (700-2600 ft) |
Distribution |
AR; KS; LA; OK; TX
|
CA |
Discussion | Streptanthus hyacinthoides is widespread in eastern Texas and central and northwestern Oklahoma; in Arkansas it is restricted to Nevada and Ouachita counties; in Kansas to Barber and Comanche counties; and in Louisiana to Bienville, Caddo, Natchitoches, and Winn parishes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Streptanthus vimineus is restricted to Colusa, Lake, and Napa counties. The taxon has long been unrecognized by various authors, including recent ones (e.g., R. C. Rollins 1993; R. E. Buck et al. 1993). It remained under Mesoreanthus and was often treated as a synonym of S. barbiger. The latter always has non-auriculate (versus auriculate) cauline leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 716. | FNA vol. 7, p. 723. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Erysimum hyacinthoides, Euklisia hyacinthoides, Icianthus atratus, Icianthus glabrifolius, Icianthus hyacinthoides, S. glabrifolius | Mesoreanthus vimineus, Mesoreanthus fallax |
Name authority | Hooker: Bot. Mag. 63: plate 3516. (1836) | (Greene) Al-Shehbaz & D. W. Taylor: Novon 18: 281. (2008) |
Web links |
|