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smooth jewelflower, smooth twistflower

variableleaf jewelflower, varied-leaf jewelflower, variedleaf twistflower

Habit Annuals; usually glabrous throughout (sometimes stem bases pubescent). Annuals; (somewhat glaucous), glabrous throughout.
Stems

unbranched or branched distally, 2.8–13 dm.

branched distally, (1–)2–9(–10.5) dm.

Basal leaves

not seen.

not rosulate; petiolate;

blade pinnatisect to pectinate into filiform segments, 2–8 cm.

Cauline leaves

(shortly petiolate or sessile);

blade usually linear to linear-lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, 2.5–16 cm × 2–7(–20) mm, (smaller distally), base not auriculate, margins entire.

(petiolate proximally, sessile distally);

blade pectinate or pinnatisect into filiform segments, or (distally) linear-lanceolate to ovate or cordate, 2–12 cm, (segments 0.4–2.7 cm × 0.5–1.5mm), base not auriculate proximally, amplexicaul distally, margins entire distally, becoming bracts.

Racemes

ebracteate.

bracteate below or between proximalmost 1 or 2 flowers.

Flowers

(slightly zygomorphic, horizontal to pendent);

calyx campanulate;

sepals purple, lanceolate, 7–11 mm, not keeled;

petals deep purple to magenta or whitish (with purple veins), 13–20 mm, blade 7–12 × 1–4 mm, margins not crisped, claw 5–12 mm, (strongly recurved);

stamens in 3 unequal pairs;

filaments: abaxial pair (connate less than 1/2 their length), 8–14 mm, lateral pair 4–7 mm, adaxial pair (connate ca. 3/4 their length), 7–10 mm;

anthers: abaxial and lateral pairs fertile, 2–3 mm, adaxial pairs sterile, 1–1.5 mm;

gynophore 0.3–3 mm.

calyx urceolate;

sepals yellow or purplish, 5–7 mm, keeled, (apex recurved);

petals pale yellow to whitish (with purple veins, recurved), 8–16 mm, blade 3–6 × 1.5–3.5 mm, margins not crisped, (undulate), claw 5–10 mm, narrower than blade;

stamens in 3 unequal pairs;

filaments (distinct): abaxial pair 2.5–6 mm, lateral pair 1.5–4 mm, adaxial pair 4–8 mm;

anthers: abaxial and lateral pairs fertile, 3.5–4 mm, adaxial pair partially fertile, 1.5–2.3 mm;

gynophore 0.5–1.5 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate-ascending, (straight), 3–10 mm.

divaricate to divaricate-ascending, (straight), 2–10 mm.

Fruits

divaricate-ascending, smooth, straight or slightly curved inwards, flattened, 3.7–11.2 cm × 1.5–2 mm;

valves each with prominent midvein;

replum straight;

ovules 90–120 per ovary;

style 0.3–1.5 mm;

stigma subentire.

geniculately reflexed, smooth, straight, flattened, 3–9 cm × 1–1.5(–2.2) mm;

valves each with obscure midvein;

replum straight;

ovules (22–)38–80 per ovary;

style 0.2–1 mm;

stigma obscurely 2-lobed.

Seeds

broadly ovoid, 1.5–1.8 × 1–1.3 mm;

wing 0.1–0.25 mm, continuous.

oblong, 1–1.5(–2.2) × 0.6–1(–1.5) mm;

wing (0–)0.05–0.1(–0.4) mm wide, distal.

2n

= 28.

Streptanthus hyacinthoides

Streptanthus diversifolius

Phenology Flowering May–Jun. Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat Sandy soils of prairies, open glades in woods, grassy roadsides Dry rock outcrops, granitic domes, adjacent road cuts, disturbed areas, open oak woodland
Elevation 100-800 m (300-2600 ft) 200-1900 m (700-6200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; KS; LA; OK; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Streptanthus hyacinthoides is widespread in eastern Texas and central and northwestern Oklahoma; in Arkansas it is restricted to Nevada and Ouachita counties; in Kansas to Barber and Comanche counties; and in Louisiana to Bienville, Caddo, Natchitoches, and Winn parishes.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Streptanthus diversifolius is distributed in Butte, El Dorado, Fresno, Madera, Mariposa, Tuolumne, and Tulare counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 716. FNA vol. 7, p. 710.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus
Sibling taxa
S. barbatus, S. barbiger, S. batrachopus, S. bernardinus, S. brachiatus, S. bracteatus, S. breweri, S. callistus, S. campestris, S. carinatus, S. cordatus, S. cutleri, S. diversifolius, S. drepanoides, S. farnsworthianus, S. fenestratus, S. glandulosus, S. gracilis, S. hesperidis, S. hispidus, S. howellii, S. insignis, S. longisiliquus, S. maculatus, S. morrisonii, S. oblanceolatus, S. oliganthus, S. petiolaris, S. platycarpus, S. polygaloides, S. squamiformis, S. tortuosus, S. vernalis, S. vimineus
S. barbatus, S. barbiger, S. batrachopus, S. bernardinus, S. brachiatus, S. bracteatus, S. breweri, S. callistus, S. campestris, S. carinatus, S. cordatus, S. cutleri, S. drepanoides, S. farnsworthianus, S. fenestratus, S. glandulosus, S. gracilis, S. hesperidis, S. hispidus, S. howellii, S. hyacinthoides, S. insignis, S. longisiliquus, S. maculatus, S. morrisonii, S. oblanceolatus, S. oliganthus, S. petiolaris, S. platycarpus, S. polygaloides, S. squamiformis, S. tortuosus, S. vernalis, S. vimineus
Synonyms Erysimum hyacinthoides, Euklisia hyacinthoides, Icianthus atratus, Icianthus glabrifolius, Icianthus hyacinthoides, S. glabrifolius Mitophyllum diversifolium, S. linearis
Name authority Hooker: Bot. Mag. 63: plate 3516. (1836) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 363. (1882)
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