Streptanthus campestris |
Streptanthus cordatus |
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southern jewel flower |
heart-leaf twist-flower, heartleaf jewelflower |
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Habit | Perennials; (short-lived, caudex not woody); usually glabrous, (basal leaf blade margins pubescent, sometimes sepals). | Perennials; (caudex simple or few-branched); (glaucous), usually glabrous, (petioles of basal leaves pubescent, sometimes sepals). | ||||
Stems | unbranched or branched, (few, glaucous), 6–15(–18) dm. |
unbranched or branched, (1–)3–9(–11) dm. |
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Basal leaves | often rosulate; petiolate; blade (fleshy), oblanceolate to obovate, 3.5–21 cm, margins dentate, (bristly ciliate throughout or only teeth and petiole ciliate). |
rosulate; petiolate (petioles broadly winged, setose-ciliate); blade usually spatulate to obovate, rarely narrowly oblanceolate, 1.5–8(–11) cm, margins dentate (at least distally). |
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Cauline leaves | blade lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 3.5–11(–15) cm × 6–14 mm (smaller distally), base auriculate to amplexicaul, margins usually entire or undulate, rarely dentate. |
blade broadly oblong to ovate, suborbicular, or lanceolate, 2–9 cm × 7–45(–60) mm, (smaller distally), base auriculate to amplexicaul, margins entire or toothed, (apex rounded, obtuse, or acuminate to acute). |
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Racemes | ebracteate, (with densely clustered buds, later lax). |
ebracteate, (lax). |
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Flowers | calyx campanulate; sepals (suberect), purple, (broadly ovate or oblong), 7–10 mm, not keeled, (apically bristly or not); petals light purple (with pale yellow claw), 9–12 mm, blade 2–3.5 × 0.5–1 mm, margins not crisped, claw 6–9 mm, wider than blade; stamens tetradynamous; filaments: median pairs (distinct), 6–8 mm, lateral pair 4–6 mm; anthers (all) fertile, 3–4 mm; gynophore 0.5–1.5 mm. |
calyx campanulate; sepals greenish brown to purple, (broadly oblong), 5–12 mm, (lateral pair subsaccate basally), not keeled, (glabrous or subapically bristly); petals purple to brownish, (claw purplish), 9–15 mm, blade 2–6 × 0.7–1 mm, (recurved or not), margins not crisped, claw 7–10 mm, wider than blade; stamens in 3 unequal pairs; filaments (distinct): abaxial pair 5–7 mm, lateral pair 4–5 mm, adaxial pair 7.5–10 mm; anthers (all) fertile, 2.5–5 mm; gynophore 0.5–1.5 mm. |
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Fruiting pedicels | divaricate-ascending, (straight), 5–18 mm. |
divaricate-ascending, (straight), 3–11(–14) mm. |
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Fruits | spreading to ascending, smooth, slightly curved to straight, flattened, 6–14 cm × 2–3.5 mm; valves each with obscure midvein; replum straight; ovules 50–102 per ovary; style 1–3 mm; stigma 2-lobed. |
ascending to divaricate-ascending, smooth, straight, flattened, 5–10.5(–14.5) cm × (2.5–)3–6(–7) mm; valves each with prominent midvein; replum straight; ovules 20–38(–46) per ovary; style 0.2–3 mm; stigma subentire to strongly 2-lobed. |
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Seeds | oblong, 2–3 × 1.4–2 mm; wing 0.1–0.2 mm wide at apex. |
broadly oblong to suborbicular, 2.5–5 × 2.2–5 mm; wing 0.1–0.9 mm wide, continuous. |
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Streptanthus campestris |
Streptanthus cordatus |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | |||||
Habitat | Rocky openings in chaparral, open conifer forests, openings and after fires in chaparral-oak woodlands | |||||
Elevation | 900-2300 m (3000-7500 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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AZ; CA; CO; ID; NM; NV; OR; UT; WY
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Discussion | Of conservation concern. Streptanthus campestris is distributed in California in Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties, and in Baja California in Sierra San Pedro Mártir and Sierra Juárez. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Streptanthus cordatus is the most widespread species in the genus. It is highly variable in the shape and size of basal and cauline leaves, flower size, pedicel length, fruit length and width, style length, stigma lobing, seed shape and size, and width of the seed wing. The variation is continuous in almost every character, especially fruit width. R. E. Buck et al. (1993) indicated that in var. cordatus the fruits are more than 5 mm wide and in the Californian var. duranii they are less than 3 mm wide. One sporadically finds throughout the range of var. cordatus plants with mature fruits 2.5–3 mm wide. Such narrow-fruited forms are found in central Nevada (Beatley 6037, DS), Oregon (Howell 28719, CAS), Utah (Goodman 1877, MO), and Wyoming (Rollins & Muñoz 2876, GH). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 707. | FNA vol. 7, p. 708. | ||||
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus | Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Streptanthus | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Cartiera cordata, Erysimum cordatum, Euklisia cordata | |||||
Name authority | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 25: 125. (1890) | Nuttall: in J. Torrey and A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 77. (1838) | ||||
Web links |