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Mojave stillingia, Mojave toothleaf, tooth leaf

annual toothleaf, broad-leaf stillingia

Habit Herbs, perennial, with thick taproot. Herbs, annual or perennial, with taproot.
Stems

fascicled, erect, branching scattered proximally and crowded distally, (1.4–)2–3.5(–4) dm.

fascicled, decumbent to erect, branching distally, 0.5–3 dm.

Leaves

alternate;

stipules absent;

petiole absent;

blade linear, 2–4(–6) × 0.1–0.3(–0.4) cm, base acute, margins entire or remotely denticulate, teeth without prominent blackened tips, not incurved, apex usually acute, rarely acuminate;

venation not prominent.

opposite or subopposite;

stipules absent;

petiole absent;

blade elliptic to elliptic-spatulate, 1.5–4(–4.5) × 0.5–1.4(–1.8) cm, base narrowly cuneate, margins prominently spinulose-dentate, teeth without prominent blackened tips, not incurved, apex acuminate;

midvein and secondary veins prominent.

Inflorescences

sessile or rarely short-pedunculate, 6–-7 cm;

staminate flowers crowded distally, 1 per node;

pistillate flowers 3–5, crowded;

bracts broadly ovate, to 1.5 mm, apex mucronulate or acuminate, glands patelliform, sessile, to 1.3 mm diam.

sessile, 1–1.2(–2) cm;

staminate flowers crowded, 1 per node;

pistillate flowers 1–3, crowded;

bracts linear-lanceolate, to 2 mm, apex acute, glands patelliform, long-stalked, 1.5–-2 mm diam.

Staminate flowers

calyx to 1 mm.

calyx to 1 mm.

Pistillate flowers

sepals 0;

styles connate only at base, to 4 mm.

sepals 0;

styles connate only at base, to 3 mm.

Capsules

oblate, 3 × 4 mm, deeply 3-lobed;

lobes of gynobase 1.5–2 mm;

columella persistent.

ovoid, 3.5 × 4–4.5 mm, deeply 3-lobed;

lobes of gynobase 2 mm;

columella sometimes persistent.

Seeds

brown, often mottled, ovoid, 2.3 × 1.3 mm, smooth;

caruncle minute.

mottled light gray, cylindric-ovoid, 3.5 × 1.8 mm, smooth;

caruncle absent.

Stillingia paucidentata

Stillingia spinulosa

Phenology Flowering Mar–May; fruiting May–Jun. Flowering Dec–Mar(–Apr); fruiting Mar–Jun.
Habitat Sandy flats, dry slopes. Dry sandy desert soils.
Elevation 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; NV; Mexico (Baja California, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Stillingia paucidentata is widespread in the Mojave Desert and extends into the Sonoran Desert in central Riverside County. It was reported from Arizona by T. H. Kearney and R. H. Peebles (1942, 1960) solely on the basis of the type (Palmer 517), purportedly collected in 1876 in the “Colorado Valley, near mouth of Williams River.” R. McVaugh (1943b) and McVaugh and Kearney (1943) have cast doubt on whether a number of Palmer collections with labels indicating 1876 were actually made in Arizona; they did not discuss Palmer 517 specifically. There appear to be no other specimens or reports of this species from Arizona. Because S. paucidentata is known from numerous collections in eastern San Bernardino County, California, its presence in bordering areas of Arizona cannot be completely discounted.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 12, p. 235. FNA vol. 12, p. 235.
Parent taxa Euphorbiaceae > Stillingia Euphorbiaceae > Stillingia
Sibling taxa
S. aquatica, S. linearifolia, S. spinulosa, S. sylvatica, S. texana, S. treculiana
S. aquatica, S. linearifolia, S. paucidentata, S. sylvatica, S. texana, S. treculiana
Name authority S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 298. (1879) Torrey: in W. H. Emory, Not. Milit. Reconn., 151. (1848)
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