Stellaria obtusa |
Stellaria dicranoides |
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blunt-sepal starwort, obtuse starwort, Rocky Mountain chickweed, Rocky Mountain starwort |
Chamisso's starwort, Matted starwort |
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Habit | Plants perennial, creeping, often matted but not forming cushions, rhizomatous. | Plants perennial, dioecious, forming dense cushions to 10 cm or more diam., with branching caudex, arising from taproot. |
Stems | prostrate, branched, 4-sided, 3–23 cm, internodes equaling or longer than leaves, glabrous, rarely pilose. |
branched, 4-angled, 1–4 cm, glabrous; branches erect or ascending, thickly clothed with marcescent leaves. |
Leaves | sessile or short-petiolate; blade broadly ovate to elliptic, 0.2–1.2 cm × 0.9–7 mm, base round or cuneate, margins entire, apex acute, shiny, glabrous or ciliate near base. |
sessile; basal blades oblanceolate to obovate or elliptic, 3–5 × 1–1.5 mm, succulent, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute or abruptly acuminate to obtuse, glabrous; cauline shorter. |
Inflorescences | with flowers solitary, axillary; bracts absent. |
solitary-flowered in axils of foliage leaves; bract 1, foliaceous, ca. 1 mm. |
Pedicels | spreading, 3–12 mm, glabrous. |
1–5 mm, glabrous. |
Flowers | 1.5–2 mm diam.; sepals 4–5, veins obscure, midrib sometimes apparent, ± ovate, 1.5–3.5 mm, margins narrow, scarious, apex ± obtuse, glabrous; petals absent; stamens 10 or fewer; styles 3(–4), curled, shorter than 0.5 mm. |
unisexual, 3–4 mm diam.; sepals 5, 3-veined, keeled, 2.5–3 mm, margins narrow, apex acute, glabrous or with sparse, short, glandular pubescence; petals absent; stamens 10, shorter than sepals; styles 3, erect, becoming outwardly curved, ca. 1 mm; staminate flowers with brownish, peglike, conspicuous nectaries alternating with and attached to base of stamens; pistillate flowers with well-developed but nonfunctional stamens and nectaries. |
Capsules | green to pale straw colored, translucent, globose to broadly ovoid, 2.3–3.5 mm, 1.9–2 times as long as sepals, apex obtuse, opening by 6 valves; carpophore absent. |
straw colored, broadly ovoid, ca. 3 × 2 mm, ca. equaling sepals, apex obtuse, opening by 3 valves, each of which splits into 2; carpophore absent. |
Seeds | grayish black, broadly elliptic, 0.5–0.7 mm diam., finely reticulate. |
1, brown, broadly reniform with thickened rim, ca. 1.1 mm diam., finely verrucate. |
2n | = 26, 52, ca. 65, ca. 78. |
= 26. |
Stellaria obtusa |
Stellaria dicranoides |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring–summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Moist areas in woods, shaded edges of creeks, talus slopes | Arctic screes, fellfields, gravelly tundra, rocky knolls on wide variety of rock types |
Elevation | 300-3400 m (1000-11200 ft) | 300-1700 m (1000-5600 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; CO; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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AK; YT; Asia (Russian Far East) |
Discussion | Stellaria dicranoides is of uncertain generic position. Many workers have placed it in the genus Arenaria. The absence of petals deprives us of a key character separating Stellaria from Arenaria. The ovate capsule with its three valves, each tardily dehiscent into two, suggests Arenaria or Minuartia. However, the chromosome number of 2n = 26 is more often associated with Stellaria. The single large seed, which fills the capsule, is unusual. In its floral structure, including its large nectaries and unisexual flowers, S. dicranoides closely resembles the European M. (Cherleria) sedoides (Linnaeus) Hiern. In fact, Chamisso, who first described this species, placed it in the genus Cherleria. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 110. | FNA vol. 5, p. 105. |
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Stellaria | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Stellaria |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Alsine obtusa, Alsine viridula, Alsine washingtoniana, S. viridula, S. washingtoniana | Cherleria dicranoides, Arenaria chamissonis, Arenaria dicranoides |
Name authority | Engelmann: Bot. Gaz. 7: 5. (1882) | (Chamisso & Schlechtendal) Fenzl: in C. F. von Ledebour, Fl. Ross. 1: 395. (1842) |
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