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shining chickweed, shining starwort, shiny chickweed, shiny starwort

American chickweed, American starwort

Habit Plants annual, from threadlike taproots. Plants perennial, forming loose, prostrate mats, from rhizomatous rootstocks.
Stems

erect, sparingly branched below inflorescence, 4-sided, 3–25 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy.

spreading, branched, very leafy, 4-angled, 10–20 cm, short glandular-puberulent on internodes.

Leaves

sessile, crowded at base, shiny;

blade oblanceolate to obovate and spatulate (proximal) or linear-lanceolate (distal), 0.5–1.5 cm × 0.5–2 mm, base round, apex acuminate, glabrous, often ciliate on margins.

sessile;

blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, widest at or above middle, 8–30 × 2–13 mm, base round to cuneate, margins not scarious, apex usually obtuse, viscid.

Inflorescences

terminal, 3–21-flowered (rarely more) cymes;

bracts linear-lanceolate, 1–12 mm, scarious distally, herbaceous proximally, often ciliate on margins.

terminal, 1–5-flowered, very leafy cymes;

bracts foliaceous.

Pedicels

ascending to erect, ± straight in fruit, 2–25 mm, glabrous.

ca. 10 mm in flower, elongating, recurved, and tortuous in fruit, glandular-pubescent, pushing capsule into substrate.

Flowers

2–3 mm diam.;

sepals 5, with 3 prominent, ridged veins, very narrowly lanceolate, to acicular, 2.8–4.2 mm, margins wide, scarious, apex acuminate, glabrous;

petals 5 or absent, 1–3 mm, shorter than sepals, blade apex 2-lobed;

stamens 3–5;

styles 3, spreading, becoming curled, ca. 0.3 mm.

5–10 mm;

sepals 5, obscurely veined, ovate-obtuse, 3–5 mm, margins narrow, scarious, glandular-pubescent;

petals 5, 4–6 mm;

stamens 5;

styles 3, ascending, equaling petals.

Capsules

green or straw colored, narrowly ovoid, 2–3 mm, shorter than sepals, apex obtuse, opening by 3 valves, splitting into 6;

carpophore absent.

green to straw colored, broadly ovoid to globose, 5–6 mm, apex obtuse, tardily dehiscent with 3 valves;

carpophore absent.

Seeds

brown, round, 0.5–0.7 mm diam., minutely tuberculate.

3–6, rusty brown, ± ovate, ca. 2.5 mm diam., finely tuberculate.

2n

= 20, 40.

Stellaria nitens

Stellaria americana

Phenology Flowering spring. Flowering late Jul–Aug.
Habitat Dry, open habitats: sand dunes, stream banks, rocky outcrops, open woodlands, beneath boulders, disturbed areas Rocky slopes, talus
Elevation 0-2000 m (0-6600 ft) 1400-2800 m (4600-9200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
MT; AB
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Stellaria americana is remarkable for its tortuous fruiting pedicels, which push the opening capsule with its small number of large seeds into the substrate.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 110. FNA vol. 5, p. 100.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Stellaria Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Stellaria
Sibling taxa
S. alaskana, S. alsine, S. americana, S. borealis, S. calycantha, S. corei, S. crassifolia, S. crispa, S. cuspidata, S. dicranoides, S. fontinalis, S. graminea, S. holostea, S. humifusa, S. irrigua, S. littoralis, S. longifolia, S. longipes, S. media, S. neglecta, S. obtusa, S. pallida, S. palustris, S. parva, S. porsildii, S. pubera, S. ruscifolia, S. umbellata
S. alaskana, S. alsine, S. borealis, S. calycantha, S. corei, S. crassifolia, S. crispa, S. cuspidata, S. dicranoides, S. fontinalis, S. graminea, S. holostea, S. humifusa, S. irrigua, S. littoralis, S. longifolia, S. longipes, S. media, S. neglecta, S. nitens, S. obtusa, S. pallida, S. palustris, S. parva, S. porsildii, S. pubera, S. ruscifolia, S. umbellata
Synonyms S. praecox S. dichotoma var. americana, Alsine americana, Arenaria stephaniana var. americana
Name authority Nuttall: in J. Torrey and A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 185. (1838) (Porter ex B. L. Robinson) Standley: Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 22: 336. (1921)
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