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Goldie's starwort, long-stalk starwort

Mexican chickweed, Mexican starwort

Habit Plants perennial, forming small to large clumps or mats, or diffuse, from slender rhizomes. Plants annual; taproot slender.
Stems

erect to straggling, branched or not, 4-angled, 3–32 cm, glabrous or softly pubescent, angles not minutely papillate-scabrid.

decumbent, much-branched, 4-sided, 15–70 cm, softly glandular-pubescent.

Leaves

sessile;

blade green, frequently glaucous, 1–3-veined, midrib prominent, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, widest at base, 0.4–2.6(–4) cm × 1–4 mm, strongly coriaceous or not, base round, margins entire, convex, glabrous or ciliate, apex acute to acuminate, not spinescent, shiny, smooth, glabrous or sparingly villous, base usually glabrous, rarely with few cilia.

petiolate (proximal) or sessile (distal), flaccid;

blade ovate to deltate, 1–4.5 cm × 6–28 mm, base cordate, truncate, or rarely abruptly rounded, margins entire, apex acuminate, glabrous, rarely ciliate on margins.

Inflorescences

with flowers solitary, or terminal, 3–30-flowered (rarely more) cymes;

bracts lanceolate, 2–10 mm, herbaceous with scarious margins, or scarious throughout, glabrous or ciliate.

terminal, (3–)5–35-flowered cymes;

bracts sessile, foliaceous, lanceolate to ovate, 3–30 mm, distally reduced.

Pedicels

ascending to erect, straight, 5–30 mm, glabrous or softly pubescent.

ascending to spreading, sometimes deflexed in fruit, slender, 5–20(–30) mm, softly glandular.

Flowers

5–10 mm diam.;

sepals 5, 3-veined, midrib prominent, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 3.5–5 mm, margins convex, narrow, scarious, sometimes ciliate, apex acute, glabrous or pubescent;

petals 5, 3–8 mm, 1–1.5 times as long as sepals;

stamens 5–10;

styles 3(–6), ascending, curled at tip, ca. 1.5 mm.

3–8 mm diam.;

sepals 5, with prominent midrib, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 4–5 mm, to 8 mm in fruit, margins narrow, scarious, apex acuminate, blunt, pubescent on midrib, ± ciliate on margins;

petals 4–5, 2–8 mm, shorter than to 2 times as long as sepals, blade apex deeply emarginate with 2 narrow lobes;

stamens 3–8;

styles 3, ascending, outwardly curved, 1.5–3 mm.

Capsules

blackish purple or straw colored, ovoid to ovoid-lanceoloid, 4–6 mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals, apex broadly acute, opening by 6 valves;

carpophore absent.

green, transparent, ovoid, 4–6 mm, ± equaling sepals, apex obtuse, opening by 6 valves, recurved at tip;

carpophore absent.

Seeds

brown, reniform to globose, 0.6–0.9 mm diam., shallowly tuberculate to smooth.

reddish brown, round, 1–1.2 mm diam., covered with prominent, stalked glands.

2n

= 52–104, (107).

= 26, 52.

Stellaria longipes

Stellaria cuspidata

Distribution
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MI; MN; MT; ND; NM; NY; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Circumpolar
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from FNA
FL; LA; NM; TX; Mexico; South America; Bermuda
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Petal length, along with sepal and capsule size and shape, vary in the two subspecies. Although they appear to be distinct in the southern United States, in Mexico where their ranges overlap, plants of uncertain identification are frequently encountered.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Capsules purplish black; stems variable, commonly compact, erect; leaf blades very variable, from linear-lanceolate to ovate-triangular
subsp. longipes
1. Capsules straw colored; stems elongate, straggling; leaf blades narrowly lanceolate
subsp. arenicola
1. Petals 5-8 mm, 1.5-2 times as long as sepals; sepals narrowly lanceolate, apex acuminate, 7-8 mm in fruit; montane
subsp. cuspidata
1. Petals 2-4 mm, equaling or shorter than sepals; sepals ovate-lanceolate, 4-5 mm in fruit; lowlands
subsp. prostrata
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 108. FNA vol. 5, p. 104.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Stellaria Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Stellaria
Sibling taxa
S. alaskana, S. alsine, S. americana, S. borealis, S. calycantha, S. corei, S. crassifolia, S. crispa, S. cuspidata, S. dicranoides, S. fontinalis, S. graminea, S. holostea, S. humifusa, S. irrigua, S. littoralis, S. longifolia, S. media, S. neglecta, S. nitens, S. obtusa, S. pallida, S. palustris, S. parva, S. porsildii, S. pubera, S. ruscifolia, S. umbellata
S. alaskana, S. alsine, S. americana, S. borealis, S. calycantha, S. corei, S. crassifolia, S. crispa, S. dicranoides, S. fontinalis, S. graminea, S. holostea, S. humifusa, S. irrigua, S. littoralis, S. longifolia, S. longipes, S. media, S. neglecta, S. nitens, S. obtusa, S. pallida, S. palustris, S. parva, S. porsildii, S. pubera, S. ruscifolia, S. umbellata
Subordinate taxa
S. longipes subsp. arenicola, S. longipes subsp. longipes
S. cuspidata subsp. cuspidata, S. cuspidata subsp. prostrata
Synonyms Alsine longipes Alsine cuspidata
Name authority Goldie: Edinburgh Philos. J. 6: 327. (1822) Willdenow ex Schlechtendal: Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. 7: 196. (1816)
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