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beach starwort, beach starwort or chickweed, shore chickweed

American chickweed, American starwort

Habit Plants perennial, straggling to scandent, from elongate rhizomes. Plants perennial, forming loose, prostrate mats, from rhizomatous rootstocks.
Stems

ascending, often decumbent at base, branched, 4-sided, 10–60 cm, uniformly and softly pubescent.

spreading, branched, very leafy, 4-angled, 10–20 cm, short glandular-puberulent on internodes.

Leaves

sessile;

blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, widest proximal to middle, 1–4.5 cm × 4–20 mm, base round, margins densely ciliate, apex shortly acuminate, pubescent on both surfaces.

sessile;

blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, widest at or above middle, 8–30 × 2–13 mm, base round to cuneate, margins not scarious, apex usually obtuse, viscid.

Inflorescences

terminal, 5–many-flowered, leafy cymes;

bracts foliaceous, 4–40 mm, margins ciliate, not scarious.

terminal, 1–5-flowered, very leafy cymes;

bracts foliaceous.

Pedicels

ascending to erect, straight, spreading to reflexed at base in fruit, 5–20 mm.

ca. 10 mm in flower, elongating, recurved, and tortuous in fruit, glandular-pubescent, pushing capsule into substrate.

Flowers

9–10 mm diam.;

sepals (4–)5, 3-veined, lanceolate, 2.8–5 mm, margins narrow, scarious, apex acuminate, ciliate-pubescent mainly on margins and veins;

petals 5, 4–6 mm, equaling or slightly longer than sepals, blade apex deeply 2-fid;

stamens 10;

styles 3, ascending, ca. 1.5 mm.

5–10 mm;

sepals 5, obscurely veined, ovate-obtuse, 3–5 mm, margins narrow, scarious, glandular-pubescent;

petals 5, 4–6 mm;

stamens 5;

styles 3, ascending, equaling petals.

Capsules

green to straw colored, lanceoloid-ovoid, 5–6 mm, slightly longer than sepals, apex obtuse, opening by 3, tardily 6, ascending valves;

carpophore absent.

green to straw colored, broadly ovoid to globose, 5–6 mm, apex obtuse, tardily dehiscent with 3 valves;

carpophore absent.

Seeds

reddish brown, broadly and obliquely ovate, ± 1 mm diam., minutely rugose.

3–6, rusty brown, ± ovate, ca. 2.5 mm diam., finely tuberculate.

Stellaria littoralis

Stellaria americana

Phenology Flowering spring. Flowering late Jul–Aug.
Habitat Marshy fields, marshes, coastal bluffs Rocky slopes, talus
Elevation less than 100 m (less than 300 ft) 1400-2800 m (4600-9200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
MT; AB
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Stellaria littoralis is very similar to S. dichotoma Linnaeus from China, the Russian Far East, and Siberia. It may be conspecific with the latter and may have been introduced into the San Francisco area in the early days of exploration of the Pacific coast. A more detailed study is warranted.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Stellaria americana is remarkable for its tortuous fruiting pedicels, which push the opening capsule with its small number of large seeds into the substrate.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 107. FNA vol. 5, p. 100.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Stellaria Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Stellaria
Sibling taxa
S. alaskana, S. alsine, S. americana, S. borealis, S. calycantha, S. corei, S. crassifolia, S. crispa, S. cuspidata, S. dicranoides, S. fontinalis, S. graminea, S. holostea, S. humifusa, S. irrigua, S. longifolia, S. longipes, S. media, S. neglecta, S. nitens, S. obtusa, S. pallida, S. palustris, S. parva, S. porsildii, S. pubera, S. ruscifolia, S. umbellata
S. alaskana, S. alsine, S. borealis, S. calycantha, S. corei, S. crassifolia, S. crispa, S. cuspidata, S. dicranoides, S. fontinalis, S. graminea, S. holostea, S. humifusa, S. irrigua, S. littoralis, S. longifolia, S. longipes, S. media, S. neglecta, S. nitens, S. obtusa, S. pallida, S. palustris, S. parva, S. porsildii, S. pubera, S. ruscifolia, S. umbellata
Synonyms S. dichotoma var. americana, Alsine americana, Arenaria stephaniana var. americana
Name authority Torrey: in War Department [U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5): 69. (1857) (Porter ex B. L. Robinson) Standley: Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 22: 336. (1921)
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