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crisp sandwort, crisp starwort, crisped starwort, curled starwort, ruffled starwort

Chamisso's starwort, Matted starwort

Habit Plants perennial, forming small to large mats, from slender rhizomes. Plants perennial, dioecious, forming dense cushions to 10 cm or more diam., with branching caudex, arising from taproot.
Stems

trailing to ascending, branched, 4-angled, 10–60 cm, glabrous.

branched, 4-angled, 1–4 cm, glabrous;

branches erect or ascending, thickly clothed with marcescent leaves.

Leaves

subsessile;

blade broadly elliptic to ovate, 0.4–2.6 cm × 2–15 mm, base round to cuneate, margins entire, apex acuminate, glabrous or with a few scattered cilia.

sessile;

basal blades oblanceolate to obovate or elliptic, 3–5 × 1–1.5 mm, succulent, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute or abruptly acuminate to obtuse, glabrous;

cauline shorter.

Inflorescences

with flowers solitary in leaf axils;

bracts absent.

solitary-flowered in axils of foliage leaves;

bract 1, foliaceous, ca. 1 mm.

Pedicels

ascending, straight, mostly 5–30 mm, glabrous.

1–5 mm, glabrous.

Flowers

4–5 mm;

sepals 5, prominently 3-veined, lanceolate, 2–4 mm, margins broadly scarious, apex acute to acuminate, glabrous;

petals usually absent, rarely 1–5 and much shorter than sepals;

stamens 10 or fewer;

styles 3, spreading to ascending, curved but not curled, ca. 1 mm.

unisexual, 3–4 mm diam.;

sepals 5, 3-veined, keeled, 2.5–3 mm, margins narrow, apex acute, glabrous or with sparse, short, glandular pubescence;

petals absent;

stamens 10, shorter than sepals;

styles 3, erect, becoming outwardly curved, ca. 1 mm; staminate flowers with brownish, peglike, conspicuous nectaries alternating with and attached to base of stamens; pistillate flowers with well-developed but nonfunctional stamens and nectaries.

Capsules

straw colored or brownish, ovoid to ovoid-ellipsoid, 3.5–6 mm, equaling or slightly exceeding sepals, apex broadly acute, opening by 6 valves;

carpophore absent.

straw colored, broadly ovoid, ca. 3 × 2 mm, ca. equaling sepals, apex obtuse, opening by 3 valves, each of which splits into 2;

carpophore absent.

Seeds

brown, broadly elliptic, 0.7–1 mm (longest axis), distinctly rugose.

1, brown, broadly reniform with thickened rim, ca. 1.1 mm diam., finely verrucate.

2n

= 26, 52.

= 26.

Stellaria crispa

Stellaria dicranoides

Phenology Flowering summer. Flowering summer.
Habitat Wet soil in woods, shaded streambanks and shores Arctic screes, fellfields, gravelly tundra, rocky knolls on wide variety of rock types
Elevation 0-2300 m (0-7500 ft) 300-1700 m (1000-5600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CA; ID; MT; OR; WA; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; YT; Asia (Russian Far East)
Discussion

Stellaria dicranoides is of uncertain generic position. Many workers have placed it in the genus Arenaria. The absence of petals deprives us of a key character separating Stellaria from Arenaria. The ovate capsule with its three valves, each tardily dehiscent into two, suggests Arenaria or Minuartia. However, the chromosome number of 2n = 26 is more often associated with Stellaria. The single large seed, which fills the capsule, is unusual. In its floral structure, including its large nectaries and unisexual flowers, S. dicranoides closely resembles the European M. (Cherleria) sedoides (Linnaeus) Hiern. In fact, Chamisso, who first described this species, placed it in the genus Cherleria.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 104. FNA vol. 5, p. 105.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Stellaria Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Stellaria
Sibling taxa
S. alaskana, S. alsine, S. americana, S. borealis, S. calycantha, S. corei, S. crassifolia, S. cuspidata, S. dicranoides, S. fontinalis, S. graminea, S. holostea, S. humifusa, S. irrigua, S. littoralis, S. longifolia, S. longipes, S. media, S. neglecta, S. nitens, S. obtusa, S. pallida, S. palustris, S. parva, S. porsildii, S. pubera, S. ruscifolia, S. umbellata
S. alaskana, S. alsine, S. americana, S. borealis, S. calycantha, S. corei, S. crassifolia, S. crispa, S. cuspidata, S. fontinalis, S. graminea, S. holostea, S. humifusa, S. irrigua, S. littoralis, S. longifolia, S. longipes, S. media, S. neglecta, S. nitens, S. obtusa, S. pallida, S. palustris, S. parva, S. porsildii, S. pubera, S. ruscifolia, S. umbellata
Synonyms Alsine crispa, S. borealis var. crispa Cherleria dicranoides, Arenaria chamissonis, Arenaria dicranoides
Name authority Chamisso & Schlechtendal: Linnaea 1: 51. (1826) (Chamisso & Schlechtendal) Fenzl: in C. F. von Ledebour, Fl. Ross. 1: 395. (1842)
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