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Madagascar dropseed, whorled dropseed

tropical dropseed

Habit Plants annual, or short-lived perennials flowering in the first year; cespitose, not rhizomatous. Plants annual; tufted.
Culms

7-35(60) cm, erect or decumbent.

30-100 cm.

Sheaths

rounded below, margins and apices hairy, hairs to 3 mm;

ligules 0.3-1 mm;

blades 2-12(20) cm long, 2-6 mm wide, flat, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial surface scabridulous, sometimes sparsely hispid, margins ciliate-pectinate.

glabrous, including the apices;

ligules 0.2-0.3 mm;

blades 5-23 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, flat or folded, glabrous on both surfaces, margins glabrous.

Panicles

4-15(18) cm long, 0.3-6 cm wide, open (contracted when immature), pyramidal;

lower nodes with 7-12(15) branches;

primary branches 0.5-4.5 cm, spreading 30-90° from the rachis, with elongated glands, without spikelets on the lower 1/3 – 1/2, secondary branches appressed;

pedicels 0.1-0.5 mm, appressed.

(8)15-30 cm long, 3.5-8 cm wide, open, diffuse, cylindrical;

lower nodes with 1-2(3) branches;

primary branches 0.6-5 cm, capillary, spreading 30-70° from the rachises, without spikelets on the lower 1/2;

secondary branches spreading;

pedicels 0.5-5 mm.

Spikelets

1.2-1.8 mm, plumbeous or brownish, often secund along the branch.

0.7-1.1 mm, plumbeous to purplish.

Glumes

unequal, ovate to obovate, membranous;

lower glumes 0.3-0.7 mm, without midveins;

upper glumes 1.2-1.8 mm, at least 2/3 as long as the florets, often longer;

lemmas 1.2-1.7 mm, ovate to elliptic, membranous, glabrous, acute;

paleas 1.1-1.6 mm, ovate to elliptic, membranous, glabrous;

anthers 0.2-0.4 mm, yellowish or purplish.

unequal, obovate to ovate, membranous;

lower glumes 0.1-0.4 mm, occasionally absent;

upper glumes 0.2-0.5 mm;

lemmas 0.7-1.1 mm, elliptic, membranous, glabrous, acute to obtuse;

paleas 0.7-1.1 mm, elliptic, membranous;

anthers 0.2-0.3 mm, yellowish.

Fruits

0.6-1 mm, obovoid, faintly striate, light brownish.

0.4-0.7 mm, pyriform or quadroid, somewhat laterally flattened, light brownish to whitish.

2n

= 24, 36, 54.

= 12.

Sporobolus pyramidatus

Sporobolus tenuissimus

Distribution
from FNA
AR; AZ; CO; FL; IL; KS; LA; MD; MO; NE; NM; NY; OK; PA; TX; UT; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; SC; PR; Virgin Islands
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sporobolus pyramidatus is native to the Americas, extending from the southern United States to Argentina. It grows in disturbed soils, roadsides, railways, coastal sands, and alluvial slopes in many plant communities, at elevations from 0-1500 m. Morphologically, it is very similar to the Eastern Hemisphere S. coromandelianus (Retz.) Kunth, suggesting that they are closely related.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Sporobolus tenuissimus is native to the Western Hemisphere, and introduced to Africa and Asia. Its native distribution in the Americas is tropical, extending from southern Mexico to Brazil and Paraguay. It has been found at a few locations in the southeastern United States, at 0-100 m. It grows in disturbed areas, often occurring as a weed in gardens and cultivated fields.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 119. FNA vol. 25, p. 118.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus
Sibling taxa
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. contractus, S. creber, S. cryptandrus, S. curtissii, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. fimbriatus, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. giganteus, S. heterolepis, S. indicus, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. silveanus, S. tenuissimus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. contractus, S. creber, S. cryptandrus, S. curtissii, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. fimbriatus, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. giganteus, S. heterolepis, S. indicus, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. pyramidatus, S. silveanus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
Synonyms S. pulvinatus, S. patens, S. argutus
Name authority (Lam.) Hitchc. (Mart, ex Schrank) Kuntze
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