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Madagascar dropseed, whorled dropseed

giant dropseed

Habit Plants annual, or short-lived perennials flowering in the first year; cespitose, not rhizomatous. Plants perennial; cespitose, not rhizomatous.
Culms

7-35(60) cm, erect or decumbent.

100-200 cm, (3)4-10 mm thick near the base.

Sheaths

rounded below, margins and apices hairy, hairs to 3 mm;

ligules 0.3-1 mm;

blades 2-12(20) cm long, 2-6 mm wide, flat, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial surface scabridulous, sometimes sparsely hispid, margins ciliate-pectinate.

rounded below, striate, margins hairy distally, apices with conspicuous tufts of hairs, hairs to 2 mm;

ligules 0.5-1.5 mm;

blades 10-50 cm long, (3)4-10(13) mm wide, flat, glabrous on both surfaces, margins whitish, scabridulous.

Panicles

4-15(18) cm long, 0.3-6 cm wide, open (contracted when immature), pyramidal;

lower nodes with 7-12(15) branches;

primary branches 0.5-4.5 cm, spreading 30-90° from the rachis, with elongated glands, without spikelets on the lower 1/3 – 1/2, secondary branches appressed;

pedicels 0.1-0.5 mm, appressed.

all terminal, 25-75 cm long, 1-4 cm wide, spikelike, dense, usually included in the uppermost sheath;

lower nodes with 1-2(3) branches;

primary branches mostly 0.5-6 cm, appressed or spreading to 30° from the rachis, spikelet-bearing to the base;

secondary branches appressed;

pulvini glabrous;

pedicels 0.5-2 mm, appressed.

Spikelets

1.2-1.8 mm, plumbeous or brownish, often secund along the branch.

2.5-3.5(4) mm, whitish to plumbeous.

Glumes

unequal, ovate to obovate, membranous;

lower glumes 0.3-0.7 mm, without midveins;

upper glumes 1.2-1.8 mm, at least 2/3 as long as the florets, often longer;

lemmas 1.2-1.7 mm, ovate to elliptic, membranous, glabrous, acute;

paleas 1.1-1.6 mm, ovate to elliptic, membranous, glabrous;

anthers 0.2-0.4 mm, yellowish or purplish.

unequal, narrowly lanceolate, membranous, prominently keeled;

lower glumes 0.6-2 mm;

upper glumes 2-3.5(4) mm, subequal to the lemmas;

lemmas 2.5-3.5(4) mm, linear-lanceolate, membranous, glabrous, acute;

paleas 2.4-3.4(3.8) mm, linear-lanceolate, membranous, glabrous;

anthers 0.6-1 mm, yellowish.

Fruits

0.6-1 mm, obovoid, faintly striate, light brownish.

0.8-1.7 mm, ellipsoid, light yellowish-brown, sometimes translucent.

2n

= 24, 36, 54.

= 36.

Sporobolus pyramidatus

Sporobolus giganteus

Distribution
from FNA
AR; AZ; CO; FL; IL; KS; LA; MD; MO; NE; NM; NY; OK; PA; TX; UT; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CO; KS; NM; OK; TX; UT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sporobolus pyramidatus is native to the Americas, extending from the southern United States to Argentina. It grows in disturbed soils, roadsides, railways, coastal sands, and alluvial slopes in many plant communities, at elevations from 0-1500 m. Morphologically, it is very similar to the Eastern Hemisphere S. coromandelianus (Retz.) Kunth, suggesting that they are closely related.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Sporobolus giganteus grows in sand dunes and sandy areas along rivers and roadsides, at elevations from 100-1830 m. Its range extends from the southwestern United States into northern Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 119. FNA vol. 25, p. 131.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus
Sibling taxa
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. contractus, S. creber, S. cryptandrus, S. curtissii, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. fimbriatus, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. giganteus, S. heterolepis, S. indicus, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. silveanus, S. tenuissimus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. contractus, S. creber, S. cryptandrus, S. curtissii, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. fimbriatus, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. heterolepis, S. indicus, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. pyramidatus, S. silveanus, S. tenuissimus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
Synonyms S. pulvinatus, S. patens, S. argutus
Name authority (Lam.) Hitchc. Nash
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