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Madagascar dropseed, whorled dropseed

Curtis' dropseed, Curtiss' dropseed

Habit Plants annual, or short-lived perennials flowering in the first year; cespitose, not rhizomatous. Plants perennial; cespitose, not rhizomatous.
Culms

7-35(60) cm, erect or decumbent.

30-80(90) cm.

Sheaths

rounded below, margins and apices hairy, hairs to 3 mm;

ligules 0.3-1 mm;

blades 2-12(20) cm long, 2-6 mm wide, flat, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial surface scabridulous, sometimes sparsely hispid, margins ciliate-pectinate.

shiny and indurate basally, glabrous or appressed hairy elsewhere, hairs to 4 mm;

ligules 0.2-0.6 mm;

blades 5-22(28) cm long, 0.8-2(2.2) mm wide, flat to v-shaped in cross section, folded or involute when dry, green, remaining so well into winter, glabrous abaxially, mostly glabrous adaxially but densely pilose basally, margins glabrous or scabridulous.

Panicles

4-15(18) cm long, 0.3-6 cm wide, open (contracted when immature), pyramidal;

lower nodes with 7-12(15) branches;

primary branches 0.5-4.5 cm, spreading 30-90° from the rachis, with elongated glands, without spikelets on the lower 1/3 – 1/2, secondary branches appressed;

pedicels 0.1-0.5 mm, appressed.

10-25 cm long, 2-10(13) cm wide, longer than wide, open (contracted when immature), not diffuse, pyramidal to ovate;

lower nodes with 1-2(3) branches;

primary branches 2-9(10) cm, ascending or spreading to 80° from the rachis, not capillary, without spikelets on the lower 1/3;

secondary branches mostly appressed;

pulvini glabrous or hairy;

pedicels 0.5-4(8) mm, usually shorter than the spikelets, appressed, glabrous.

Spikelets

1.2-1.8 mm, plumbeous or brownish, often secund along the branch.

3.5-6.6 mm, purplish-brown.

Glumes

unequal, ovate to obovate, membranous;

lower glumes 0.3-0.7 mm, without midveins;

upper glumes 1.2-1.8 mm, at least 2/3 as long as the florets, often longer;

lemmas 1.2-1.7 mm, ovate to elliptic, membranous, glabrous, acute;

paleas 1.1-1.6 mm, ovate to elliptic, membranous, glabrous;

anthers 0.2-0.4 mm, yellowish or purplish.

equal to subequal, linear-lanceolate, membranous;

lower glumes (2.9)3.5-6.2 mm, 0.9-1.2(1.3) times as long as the upper glumes;

upper glumes 3.2-6.6 mm, from almost as long as to longer than the florets;

lemmas 3.4-4.5 mm, ovate to lanceolate, membranous, glabrous, acute;

paleas 3.4-4.5 mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous;

anthers 1.5-2.8 mm, yellow to purplish.

Fruits

0.6-1 mm, obovoid, faintly striate, light brownish.

1.1-1.4 mm, fusiform, reddish-brown.

2n

= 24, 36, 54.

= unknown.

Sporobolus pyramidatus

Sporobolus curtissii

Distribution
from FNA
AR; AZ; CO; FL; IL; KS; LA; MD; MO; NE; NM; NY; OK; PA; TX; UT; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; SC
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sporobolus pyramidatus is native to the Americas, extending from the southern United States to Argentina. It grows in disturbed soils, roadsides, railways, coastal sands, and alluvial slopes in many plant communities, at elevations from 0-1500 m. Morphologically, it is very similar to the Eastern Hemisphere S. coromandelianus (Retz.) Kunth, suggesting that they are closely related.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Sporobolus curtissii is restricted to the southeastern United States, where it grows in dry-mesic to moist flat-woods, in soils seasonally saturated at the surface or rather well-drained throughout the year. Its elevational range is 0-100 m.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 119. FNA vol. 25, p. 135.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus
Sibling taxa
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. contractus, S. creber, S. cryptandrus, S. curtissii, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. fimbriatus, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. giganteus, S. heterolepis, S. indicus, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. silveanus, S. tenuissimus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. contractus, S. creber, S. cryptandrus, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. fimbriatus, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. giganteus, S. heterolepis, S. indicus, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. pyramidatus, S. silveanus, S. tenuissimus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
Synonyms S. pulvinatus, S. patens, S. argutus
Name authority (Lam.) Hitchc. Small ex Kearney
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