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Madagascar dropseed, whorled dropseed

narrow-spike dropseed, spike dropseed

Habit Plants annual, or short-lived perennials flowering in the first year; cespitose, not rhizomatous. Plants perennial; cespitose, not rhizomatous.
Culms

7-35(60) cm, erect or decumbent.

40-100 (120) cm tall, 2-4(5) mm thick near the base.

Sheaths

rounded below, margins and apices hairy, hairs to 3 mm;

ligules 0.3-1 mm;

blades 2-12(20) cm long, 2-6 mm wide, flat, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial surface scabridulous, sometimes sparsely hispid, margins ciliate-pectinate.

rounded below, margins hairy, particularly distally, hairs to 3 mm, apices with conspicuous tufts of hair;

ligules 0.4-1 mm;

blades (2)4-35 cm long, 3-8 mm wide, flat to involute, glabrous on both surfaces, margins whitish, somewhat scabridulous.

Panicles

4-15(18) cm long, 0.3-6 cm wide, open (contracted when immature), pyramidal;

lower nodes with 7-12(15) branches;

primary branches 0.5-4.5 cm, spreading 30-90° from the rachis, with elongated glands, without spikelets on the lower 1/3 – 1/2, secondary branches appressed;

pedicels 0.1-0.5 mm, appressed.

all terminal, (10)15-45(50) cm long, 0.2-0.8(1) cm wide, contracted, spikelike, dense, usually included in the uppermost sheath;

lower nodes with 1-2(3) branches;

primary branches 0.3-1.5 cm, appressed, spikelet-bearing to the base;

secondary branches appressed;

pulvini glabrous;

pedicels 0.2-2 mm, appressed, scabridulous.

Spikelets

1.2-1.8 mm, plumbeous or brownish, often secund along the branch.

1.7-3.2 mm, whitish to plumbeous.

Glumes

unequal, ovate to obovate, membranous;

lower glumes 0.3-0.7 mm, without midveins;

upper glumes 1.2-1.8 mm, at least 2/3 as long as the florets, often longer;

lemmas 1.2-1.7 mm, ovate to elliptic, membranous, glabrous, acute;

paleas 1.1-1.6 mm, ovate to elliptic, membranous, glabrous;

anthers 0.2-0.4 mm, yellowish or purplish.

unequal, narrowly lanceolate, membranous, prominently keeled;

lower glumes 0.7-1.7 mm, usually 1-veined, acute to acuminate;

upper glumes 2-3.2 mm, at least 2/3 as long as the florets;

lemmas 2-3.2 mm, linear-lanceolate, membranous, glabrous, acute;

paleas 1.8-3 mm, linear-lanceolate, membranous, glabrous;

anthers 3, 0.3-0.5 mm, light yellowish.

Fruits

0.6-1 mm, obovoid, faintly striate, light brownish.

0.8-1.2 mm, ellipsoid, laterally flattened, light brownish or translucent.

2n

= 24, 36, 54.

= 36.

Sporobolus pyramidatus

Sporobolus contractus

Distribution
from FNA
AR; AZ; CO; FL; IL; KS; LA; MD; MO; NE; NM; NY; OK; PA; TX; UT; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; CT; ME; MI; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OK; TX; UT; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sporobolus pyramidatus is native to the Americas, extending from the southern United States to Argentina. It grows in disturbed soils, roadsides, railways, coastal sands, and alluvial slopes in many plant communities, at elevations from 0-1500 m. Morphologically, it is very similar to the Eastern Hemisphere S. coromandelianus (Retz.) Kunth, suggesting that they are closely related.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Sporobolus contractus grows in dry to moist, sandy soils, at elevations from 300-2300 m. It is found occasionally in salt-desert scrub, desert grasslands, and pinyon-juniper woodlands. Its range extends to the states of Baja California and Sonora in Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 119. FNA vol. 25, p. 129.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus
Sibling taxa
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. contractus, S. creber, S. cryptandrus, S. curtissii, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. fimbriatus, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. giganteus, S. heterolepis, S. indicus, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. silveanus, S. tenuissimus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. creber, S. cryptandrus, S. curtissii, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. fimbriatus, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. giganteus, S. heterolepis, S. indicus, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. pyramidatus, S. silveanus, S. tenuissimus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
Synonyms S. pulvinatus, S. patens, S. argutus S. cryptandrus var. strictus
Name authority (Lam.) Hitchc. Hitchc.
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