Sporobolus indicus |
Sporobolus wrightii |
|
---|---|---|
rattail smutgrass, smut grass |
big alkali sacaton, big sacaton, giant sacaton |
|
Habit | Plants perennial; cespitose, with tough fibrous roots, not rhizomatous. | Plants perennial; cespitose, not rhizomatous. |
Culms | 30-100 (120) cm. |
90-250 cm, stout. |
Sheaths | usually keeled below, glabrous; ligules 0.2-0.5 mm; blades (6)10-30(50) cm long, 1-5 mm wide, flat, glabrous on both surfaces. |
rounded below, shiny, glabrous, rarely sparsely hairy apically, hairs to 6 mm; ligules 1-2 mm; blades 20-70 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, flat (rarely involute), glabrous abaxially, scabrous adaxially, margins scabrous; flag blades ascending. |
Panicles | 20-35(50) cm long, 0.3-2.2(3) cm wide, contracted, narrow, sometimes included in the uppermost sheath; primary branches 0.4-2.5(5) cm, appressed or spreading to 40° from the rachis, as long or longer than the adjacent internodes; secondary branches appressed, spikelet-bearing to near the base; pulvini glabrous; pedicels 0.1-1.8 mm, appressed. |
20-60 cm long, 12-26 cm wide, open, broadly lanceolate, exserted; primary branches 1.5-10 cm, spreading 20-70° from the rachis; secondary branches appressed, spikelet-bearing to the base; pulvini glabrous; pedicels 0.2-0.5 mm, mostly appressed. |
Spikelets | 2-2.6(2.7) mm, plumbeous to light brownish. |
1.5-2.5 mm, crowded, purplish or greenish. |
Glumes | subequal, ovate or obovate, membranous; lower glumes 0.5-1 mm, often without midveins; upper glumes 0.8-1.6 mm, 1/2 - 2/3 as long as the florets, acute to obtuse, entire; lemmas 1.8-2.6(2.7) mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous, acute or obtuse; paleas 1.9-2.4 mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.5-1.1 mm, white, sometimes purple-tinged. |
unequal, lanceolate to ovate, membranous; lower glumes 0.5-1 mm, often appearing veinless; upper glumes 0.8-2 mm, 2/3 or more as long as the florets; lemmas 1.2-2.5 mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous, acute to obtuse; paleas 1.1-2.5 mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous; anthers 1.1-1.3 mm, yellowish to purplish. |
Fruits | 1-1.2 mm, quadrangular, laterally compressed, reddish-brown, truncate. |
1-1.4 mm, ellipsoid, reddish-brown or blackish, striate. |
2n | = 18, 24, 36. |
= 36. |
Sporobolus indicus |
Sporobolus wrightii |
|
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
|
AZ; CA; NM; OK; SC; TX; UT
|
Discussion | Sporobolus indicus is a pantropical species. It commonly grows in disturbed places and open areas such as roadsides, pastures, and lake shores. In the Flora region, it is found on sandy or clay soils and is associated with many plant communities. The spikelets and upper leaves are often covered with hyphomycetous fungi (Bipolaris spp.); hence the common name of "smutgrass". (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sporobolus wrightii grows in moist clay flats and on rocky slopes near saline habitats, at elevations of 5-1800 m. Its range extends to central Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 122. | FNA vol. 25, p. 126. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. poiretii | |
Name authority | (L.) R. Br. | Munro ex Scribn. |
Web links |
|