Sporobolus indicus |
Sporobolus jacquemontii |
|
---|---|---|
rattail smutgrass, smut grass |
ratstail |
|
Habit | Plants perennial; cespitose, with tough fibrous roots, not rhizomatous. | Plants perennial; densely cespitose, not rhizomatous. |
Culms | 30-100 (120) cm. |
40-100 cm. |
Sheaths | usually keeled below, glabrous; ligules 0.2-0.5 mm; blades (6)10-30(50) cm long, 1-5 mm wide, flat, glabrous on both surfaces. |
keeled or rounded, glabrous, apices ciliate; ligules 0.2-0.4 mm; blades 10-40 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, flat but soon becoming involute, tapering to a fine point. |
Panicles | 20-35(50) cm long, 0.3-2.2(3) cm wide, contracted, narrow, sometimes included in the uppermost sheath; primary branches 0.4-2.5(5) cm, appressed or spreading to 40° from the rachis, as long or longer than the adjacent internodes; secondary branches appressed, spikelet-bearing to near the base; pulvini glabrous; pedicels 0.1-1.8 mm, appressed. |
14-35 cm long, 0.4-3 cm wide, contracted, interrupted, and rather lax; primary branches appressed to strongly ascending, spikelet-bearing to the base, lower branches 1.5-5 cm, much longer than the adjacent internodes; pedicels 0.1-1.2(1.8) mm. |
Spikelets | 2-2.6(2.7) mm, plumbeous to light brownish. |
1.4-1.8(2) mm, plumbeous to greenish. |
Glumes | subequal, ovate or obovate, membranous; lower glumes 0.5-1 mm, often without midveins; upper glumes 0.8-1.6 mm, 1/2 - 2/3 as long as the florets, acute to obtuse, entire; lemmas 1.8-2.6(2.7) mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous, acute or obtuse; paleas 1.9-2.4 mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.5-1.1 mm, white, sometimes purple-tinged. |
|
Lower glumes | 0.3-0.5 mm, obtuse; upper glumes 0.4-0.7 mm, usually less than M as long as the florets, faintly 1-veined, truncate, erose to denticulate; lemmas 1.4-2 mm, elliptic, glabrous, 1-veined, acute; paleas 1.4-2 mm, elliptic; anthers 3(2), 0.9-1.1 mm. |
|
Fruits | 1-1.2 mm, quadrangular, laterally compressed, reddish-brown, truncate. |
0.7-1 mm, quadrangular, laterally compressed, reddish-brown, truncate. |
2n | = 18, 24, 36. |
= 24. |
Sporobolus indicus |
Sporobolus jacquemontii |
|
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
|
|
Discussion | Sporobolus indicus is a pantropical species. It commonly grows in disturbed places and open areas such as roadsides, pastures, and lake shores. In the Flora region, it is found on sandy or clay soils and is associated with many plant communities. The spikelets and upper leaves are often covered with hyphomycetous fungi (Bipolaris spp.); hence the common name of "smutgrass". (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sporobolus jacquemontii, like S. indicus, is native to North America. It is not a common species in the Flora region, being known only from coastal and low elevation sites in Florida. It is sometimes included in S. indicus (Baaijens and Veldkamp 1991) or S. pyramidalis P. Beauv. (Laegaard and Peterson 2001), but is retained here pending more definitive study. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 122. | FNA vol. 25, p. 124. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. poiretii | |
Name authority | (L.) R. Br. | Kunth |
Web links |
|