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rattail smutgrass, smut grass

fringe dropseed

Habit Plants perennial; cespitose, with tough fibrous roots, not rhizomatous. Plants perennial; rhizomatous.
Culms

30-100 (120) cm.

30-120(160) cm.

Sheaths

usually keeled below, glabrous;

ligules 0.2-0.5 mm;

blades (6)10-30(50) cm long, 1-5 mm wide, flat, glabrous on both surfaces.

rounded and papery below;

ligules 0.1-0.3 mm;

blades 10-30 cm long, 2-4(5) mm wide, not obviously distichous, flat, becoming folded, pilose abaxially, tapering to the slender apices.

Panicles

20-35(50) cm long, 0.3-2.2(3) cm wide, contracted, narrow, sometimes included in the uppermost sheath;

primary branches 0.4-2.5(5) cm, appressed or spreading to 40° from the rachis, as long or longer than the adjacent internodes;

secondary branches appressed, spikelet-bearing to near the base;

pulvini glabrous;

pedicels 0.1-1.8 mm, appressed.

15-50 cm long, 2.4-8 cm wide, somewhat contracted to rather lax and open;

primary branches appressed or ascending, spreading to 60°from the rachis;

spikelet-bearing to the base or without spikelets on the lower 1/4, lower branches mostly 2-9 cm, longer than the internodes;

pedicels 0.7-3 mm.

Spikelets

2-2.6(2.7) mm, plumbeous to light brownish.

1.4-2.2 mm, plumbeous to greenish.

Glumes

subequal, ovate or obovate, membranous;

lower glumes 0.5-1 mm, often without midveins;

upper glumes 0.8-1.6 mm, 1/2 - 2/3 as long as the florets, acute to obtuse, entire;

lemmas 1.8-2.6(2.7) mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous, acute or obtuse;

paleas 1.9-2.4 mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous;

anthers 3, 0.5-1.1 mm, white, sometimes purple-tinged.

unequal, linear-lanceolate to ovate, membranous;

lower glumes (0.4)0.6-1.2(1.5) mm, without midveins, acuminate;

upper glumes (0.9)1.4-2 mm, 2/3 to as long as the spikelet, faintly 1-veined, acute;

lemmas (1.4)1.8-2.2 mm, narrowly ovate, glabrous, 1-veined, acute;

paleas (1.2)1.6-2 mm, ovate;

anthers 3, 09-1.2 mm.

Fruits

1-1.2 mm, quadrangular, laterally compressed, reddish-brown, truncate.

0.6-1 mm, quadrangular, laterally compressed, whitish-brown, truncate.

2n

= 18, 24, 36.

= unknown.

Sporobolus indicus

Sporobolus fimbriatus

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
SC
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sporobolus indicus is a pantropical species. It commonly grows in disturbed places and open areas such as roadsides, pastures, and lake shores. In the Flora region, it is found on sandy or clay soils and is associated with many plant communities. The spikelets and upper leaves are often covered with hyphomycetous fungi (Bipolaris spp.); hence the common name of "smutgrass".

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Sporobolus fimbriatus is an African species that has only been found in waste areas near the sites of old wool mills in Berkeley and Florence counties, South Carolina.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 122. FNA vol. 25, p. 124.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus
Sibling taxa
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. contractus, S. creber, S. cryptandrus, S. curtissii, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. fimbriatus, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. giganteus, S. heterolepis, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. pyramidatus, S. silveanus, S. tenuissimus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. contractus, S. creber, S. cryptandrus, S. curtissii, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. giganteus, S. heterolepis, S. indicus, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. pyramidatus, S. silveanus, S. tenuissimus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
Synonyms S. poiretii
Name authority (L.) R. Br. (Trin.) Nees
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