Sporobolus indicus |
Sporobolus curtissii |
|
---|---|---|
rattail smutgrass, smut grass |
Curtis' dropseed, Curtiss' dropseed |
|
Habit | Plants perennial; cespitose, with tough fibrous roots, not rhizomatous. | Plants perennial; cespitose, not rhizomatous. |
Culms | 30-100 (120) cm. |
30-80(90) cm. |
Sheaths | usually keeled below, glabrous; ligules 0.2-0.5 mm; blades (6)10-30(50) cm long, 1-5 mm wide, flat, glabrous on both surfaces. |
shiny and indurate basally, glabrous or appressed hairy elsewhere, hairs to 4 mm; ligules 0.2-0.6 mm; blades 5-22(28) cm long, 0.8-2(2.2) mm wide, flat to v-shaped in cross section, folded or involute when dry, green, remaining so well into winter, glabrous abaxially, mostly glabrous adaxially but densely pilose basally, margins glabrous or scabridulous. |
Panicles | 20-35(50) cm long, 0.3-2.2(3) cm wide, contracted, narrow, sometimes included in the uppermost sheath; primary branches 0.4-2.5(5) cm, appressed or spreading to 40° from the rachis, as long or longer than the adjacent internodes; secondary branches appressed, spikelet-bearing to near the base; pulvini glabrous; pedicels 0.1-1.8 mm, appressed. |
10-25 cm long, 2-10(13) cm wide, longer than wide, open (contracted when immature), not diffuse, pyramidal to ovate; lower nodes with 1-2(3) branches; primary branches 2-9(10) cm, ascending or spreading to 80° from the rachis, not capillary, without spikelets on the lower 1/3; secondary branches mostly appressed; pulvini glabrous or hairy; pedicels 0.5-4(8) mm, usually shorter than the spikelets, appressed, glabrous. |
Spikelets | 2-2.6(2.7) mm, plumbeous to light brownish. |
3.5-6.6 mm, purplish-brown. |
Glumes | subequal, ovate or obovate, membranous; lower glumes 0.5-1 mm, often without midveins; upper glumes 0.8-1.6 mm, 1/2 - 2/3 as long as the florets, acute to obtuse, entire; lemmas 1.8-2.6(2.7) mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous, acute or obtuse; paleas 1.9-2.4 mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.5-1.1 mm, white, sometimes purple-tinged. |
equal to subequal, linear-lanceolate, membranous; lower glumes (2.9)3.5-6.2 mm, 0.9-1.2(1.3) times as long as the upper glumes; upper glumes 3.2-6.6 mm, from almost as long as to longer than the florets; lemmas 3.4-4.5 mm, ovate to lanceolate, membranous, glabrous, acute; paleas 3.4-4.5 mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous; anthers 1.5-2.8 mm, yellow to purplish. |
Fruits | 1-1.2 mm, quadrangular, laterally compressed, reddish-brown, truncate. |
1.1-1.4 mm, fusiform, reddish-brown. |
2n | = 18, 24, 36. |
= unknown. |
Sporobolus indicus |
Sporobolus curtissii |
|
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
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AL; FL; GA; SC |
Discussion | Sporobolus indicus is a pantropical species. It commonly grows in disturbed places and open areas such as roadsides, pastures, and lake shores. In the Flora region, it is found on sandy or clay soils and is associated with many plant communities. The spikelets and upper leaves are often covered with hyphomycetous fungi (Bipolaris spp.); hence the common name of "smutgrass". (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sporobolus curtissii is restricted to the southeastern United States, where it grows in dry-mesic to moist flat-woods, in soils seasonally saturated at the surface or rather well-drained throughout the year. Its elevational range is 0-100 m. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 122. | FNA vol. 25, p. 135. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. poiretii | |
Name authority | (L.) R. Br. | Small ex Kearney |
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