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rattail smutgrass, smut grass

slender dropseed

Habit Plants perennial; cespitose, with tough fibrous roots, not rhizomatous. Plants perennial; densely cespitose, not rhizomatous.
Culms

30-100 (120) cm.

6.5-100 cm.

Sheaths

usually keeled below, glabrous;

ligules 0.2-0.5 mm;

blades (6)10-30(50) cm long, 1-5 mm wide, flat, glabrous on both surfaces.

rounded, margins ciliate, apices with tufts of hairs to 2 mm;

ligules about 0.5 mm, the sides with a few hairs to 1.5 mm;

blades 7-30 cm long, 1-2(3) mm wide, flat, becoming involute, tapering to a fine point.

Panicles

20-35(50) cm long, 0.3-2.2(3) cm wide, contracted, narrow, sometimes included in the uppermost sheath;

primary branches 0.4-2.5(5) cm, appressed or spreading to 40° from the rachis, as long or longer than the adjacent internodes;

secondary branches appressed, spikelet-bearing to near the base;

pulvini glabrous;

pedicels 0.1-1.8 mm, appressed.

20-40 cm long, 0.4-1 cm wide, narrowly contracted, sometimes spikelike;

primary branches appressed to strongly ascending, spikelet-bearing to the base, lower branches 1.5-3 cm, much shorter than the adjacent internodes, usually appressed;

pedicels 0.1-0.5 mm.

Spikelets

2-2.6(2.7) mm, plumbeous to light brownish.

1.1-1.5 mm, dark green.

Glumes

subequal, ovate or obovate, membranous;

lower glumes 0.5-1 mm, often without midveins;

upper glumes 0.8-1.6 mm, 1/2 - 2/3 as long as the florets, acute to obtuse, entire;

lemmas 1.8-2.6(2.7) mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous, acute or obtuse;

paleas 1.9-2.4 mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous;

anthers 3, 0.5-1.1 mm, white, sometimes purple-tinged.

obtuse, often erose;

lower glumes 0.4-0.5 mm;

upper glumes 0.5-0.6 mm, less than 2/3 as long as the florets;

lemmas 1.1-1.5 mm, glabrous, 1-veined, obtuse;

paleas similar to the lemmas or slightly longer;

anthers 2, 0.4-0.6 mm.

Fruits

1-1.2 mm, quadrangular, laterally compressed, reddish-brown, truncate.

0.7-0.8 mm, often adhering to the floret at maturity, quadrangular to somewhat turbinate, red-brown, apices truncate and concave.

2n

= 18, 24, 36.

= unknown.

Sporobolus indicus

Sporobolus creber

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sporobolus indicus is a pantropical species. It commonly grows in disturbed places and open areas such as roadsides, pastures, and lake shores. In the Flora region, it is found on sandy or clay soils and is associated with many plant communities. The spikelets and upper leaves are often covered with hyphomycetous fungi (Bipolaris spp.); hence the common name of "smutgrass".

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Sporobolus creber is an Australian species that was recently found growing spontaneously on a ranch in Glenn County, California. It is related to S. indicus, but differs in its widely spaced, closely appressed, and densely spikeleted branches.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 122. Treatment authors: Paul M. Peterson, Stephan L. Hatch, Alan S. Weakley. FNA vol. 25, p. 124. Treatment authors: Paul M. Peterson, Stephan L. Hatch, Alan S. Weakley.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus
Sibling taxa
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. contractus, S. creber, S. cryptandrus, S. curtissii, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. fimbriatus, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. giganteus, S. heterolepis, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. pyramidatus, S. silveanus, S. tenuissimus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
S. airoides, S. buckleyi, S. clandestinus, S. coahuilensis, S. compositus, S. contractus, S. cryptandrus, S. curtissii, S. diandrus, S. domingensis, S. fimbriatus, S. flexuosus, S. floridanus, S. giganteus, S. heterolepis, S. indicus, S. interruptus, S. jacquemontii, S. junceus, S. nealleyi, S. neglectus, S. pinetorum, S. purpurascens, S. pyramidatus, S. silveanus, S. tenuissimus, S. teretifolius, S. texanus, S. vaginiflorus, S. virginicus, S. wrightii
Synonyms S. poiretii
Name authority (L.) R. Br. De Nardi
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