Sporobolus indicus |
Sporobolus coahuilensis |
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rattail smutgrass, smut grass |
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Habit | Plants perennial; cespitose, with tough fibrous roots, not rhizomatous. | Plants annual. |
Culms | 30-100 (120) cm. |
15-60 cm, ascending, glabrous. |
Sheaths | usually keeled below, glabrous; ligules 0.2-0.5 mm; blades (6)10-30(50) cm long, 1-5 mm wide, flat, glabrous on both surfaces. |
shorter than the internodes, glabrous; ligules 0.5-1 mm, ciliate; blades 4-12 cm long, 1.5-6 mm wide, flat, spreading, evenly distributed, adaxial surfaces sparsely ciliate-pustulate. |
Panicles | 20-35(50) cm long, 0.3-2.2(3) cm wide, contracted, narrow, sometimes included in the uppermost sheath; primary branches 0.4-2.5(5) cm, appressed or spreading to 40° from the rachis, as long or longer than the adjacent internodes; secondary branches appressed, spikelet-bearing to near the base; pulvini glabrous; pedicels 0.1-1.8 mm, appressed. |
6-22 cm long, (1)5-13 cm wide, open, sometimes contracted; branches terminating in a spikelet, lowest branches whorled, in verticels of 7-20; pedicels (2)3-6(8) mm, widely spreading, capillary. |
Spikelets | 2-2.6(2.7) mm, plumbeous to light brownish. |
1.1-1.5 mm. |
Glumes | subequal, ovate or obovate, membranous; lower glumes 0.5-1 mm, often without midveins; upper glumes 0.8-1.6 mm, 1/2 - 2/3 as long as the florets, acute to obtuse, entire; lemmas 1.8-2.6(2.7) mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous, acute or obtuse; paleas 1.9-2.4 mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.5-1.1 mm, white, sometimes purple-tinged. |
thin, acute; lower glumes about 0.5 mm; upper glumes 1.1-1.5; lemmas 1.1-1.4 mm, acute; paleas 1-1.3 mm, hyaline. |
Fruits | 1-1.2 mm, quadrangular, laterally compressed, reddish-brown, truncate. |
0.6-0.9 mm, oblong, light brown; embryos 0.2-0.4 mm. |
2n | = 18, 24, 36. |
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Sporobolus indicus |
Sporobolus coahuilensis |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
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Discussion | Sporobolus indicus is a pantropical species. It commonly grows in disturbed places and open areas such as roadsides, pastures, and lake shores. In the Flora region, it is found on sandy or clay soils and is associated with many plant communities. The spikelets and upper leaves are often covered with hyphomycetous fungi (Bipolaris spp.); hence the common name of "smutgrass". (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sporobolus coahuilensis is primarily known from central Coahuila in Mexico. It has recently been found in Brewster and Hudspeth counties, Texas (Turner 2004). It is not clear whether it has been overlooked in the past or is a recent introduction. Sporobolus coahuilensis appears to be closely related to the widespread species S. pyramidatus, from which it differs in its long capillary pedicels and usually wider panicles. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 122. | FNA vol. 25. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Sporobolus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. poiretii | |
Name authority | (L.) R. Br. | Valdés-Reyna |
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