Spiranthes tuberosa |
Spiranthes infernalis |
|
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little ladies'-tresses, little lady's tresses |
Ash Meadows lady's tresses |
|
Habit | Plants 5–30 cm. | Plants 18–40 cm. |
Roots | solitary, vertical, tuberous, turbinate, mostly to 1 cm diam. |
few, strongly descending, tuberous, to 1.5 cm diam. |
Leaves | fugacious, 3–5, basal, spreading, oval-oblanceolate, 2–6 × 1–2 cm. |
persisting into anthesis, basal, often on proximal 1/2 of stem, ascending, linear to linear-lanceolate or oblanceolate, to 15 × 0.9 cm. |
Spike(s) | loosely spiraled, 4–7 flowers per cycle of spiral; rachis glabrous. |
usually very tightly spiraled, rarely loosely spiraled, 3 flowers per cycle of spiral; rachis glabrous, commonly minutely and sparsely farinose. |
Flowers | pure white, gaping from near middle, tubular portion less than 3 mm; sepals distinct to base, 5 × 1 mm; lateral sepals slightly spreading; petals linear to lance-oblong, 5 × 1 mm, apex acute to obtuse; lip 5 × 2.5 mm, ovate to oblong, apex dilated with broad crisped, finely lacerate margin; veins several, branches very short; basal calli long-pointed, mostly to 1 mm; viscidium linear-lanceolate; ovary mostly 3 mm. |
ascending, ochroleucous, yellowish white, and ochraceous (tinged yellowish brown), with basal 1/4 of sepals and petals and to 1/2 of lip green and fleshy, tubular; sepals connate at base, 4–6 mm; lateral sepals with apices spreading; petals lanceolate, apex spreading, obtuse; lip variably orange centrally, broadly or occasionally narrowly elliptic, 5–6 × 3.8–6.7 mm, often divided by ± evident constrictions into abruptly narrowed apical and basal parts narrower than middle, the apical part minutely but conspicuously puberulent adaxially; veins few to several, branches parallel to wide-spreading; viscidia linear to linear-elliptic; ovary mostly 2–4 mm. |
Seeds | monoembryonic. |
monoembryonic. |
2n | = 44. |
|
Spiranthes tuberosa |
Spiranthes infernalis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering Jun–Jul. |
Habitat | Dry to open woods, outcrops, old fields, roadsides, cemeteries | Seasonally wet riparian meadows and spring runs |
Elevation | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) | 700 m (2300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV
|
NV |
Discussion | The nomenclatural history of Spiranthes tuberosa is rather complex, and among the names applied to it are Spiranthes beckii Lindley and Ibidium beckii (Lindley) House. See D. S. Correll (1950) for a discussion. This species is easily recognized by its pure white flowers, broad crisped lip, and fugacious leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Spiranthes infernalis is known only from Ash Meadows, Nye County, Nevada, and it is probably endemic. The description is based on correspondingly few specimens and may prove to be too restrictive. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 537. | FNA vol. 26, p. 544. |
Parent taxa | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. grayi, S. simplex, S. tuberosa var. grayi | |
Name authority | Rafinesque: Herb. Raf., 45. (1833) | Sheviak: Rhodora 91: 226, figs. 1, 2A, 3a, b. (1989) |
Web links |