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creamy ladies' tresses, creamy lady's tresses, western ladies'-tresses

lacelip ladies'-tresses, lacelip lady's tresses

Habit Plants 15–60 cm. Plants 20–95(–100+) cm.
Roots

few–several, spreading to descending, tuberous, mostly to 1 cm diam.

numerous, spreading, mostly to 1 cm diam., slender.

Leaves

persisting through anthesis or fugaceous, basal, often on proximal portion of stem, ascending, linear to linear-lanceolate, linear-oblanceolate, oblanceolate or elliptic, to 34 × 3.5 cm.

persisting through anthesis, to 5, basal, reduced to sheathing bracts upward on stem, spreading, linear-lanceolate, keeled, 5–40 × 1.7 cm, rigid.

Inflorescences

spikes loosely to tightly spiraled, 5–9 flowers per cycle of spiral, sometimes nearly secund;

rachis moderately to densely pubescent, some trichomes capitate, glands obviously stalked.

Spikes

usually very tightly spiraled, rarely loosely spiraled, usually 3 flowers per cycle of spiral;

rachis glabrous to sparsely pubescent, trichomes less (usually much less) than 0.18 mm, capitate glands often sessile.

Flowers

ascending, creamy to markedly yellowish, slenderly tubular;

sepals connate at base, 4.6–11 mm, apex reflexed-spreading;

petals linear-lanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, apex reflexed-spreading, obtuse to subacute or subemarginate;

lip lance-ovate to lanceolate, 4–9.5 × 1.9–4.3 mm, apex recurved less than to scarcely more than apices of sepals and petals, only slightly or not at all dilated, with subapical dense cushion of peg-shaped trichomes on adaxial surface;

veins few to several, branches wide-spreading or often parallel;

viscidia linear to linear-elliptic;

ovary mostly 2–7.5 mm.

mostly ascending, white to cream, slenderly tubular, gaping toward apex;

sepals distinct to base, lanceolate, tapering in distal 1/3, 6–10 × 2–3 mm;

lateral sepals spreading;

petals linear, falcate, 7–9 × 2 mm, apex apiculate or sometimes crenulate;

lip yellow centrally, ovate, 6–9 × 4 mm, apical margin laciniate-dentate, crisped;

basal calli incurved, long-tapered, to 1 mm;

viscidium linear-lanceolate;

ovary mostly 5 mm. Seeds monoembryonic.

Seeds

monoembryonic.

2n

= 44 [66].

Spiranthes porrifolia

Spiranthes laciniata

Phenology Flowering May–Aug. Flowering May (Fla)–Sep (north).
Habitat Moist to wet riparian meadows, stream banks, marshes, fens, seeping banks Primarily on coastal plain in swamps, marshes, meadows, dry to damp roadsides, ditches, fields, cemeteries, lawns, occasionally in standing water
Elevation 100–2600 m (300–8500 ft) 0–50 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; SC; TX; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Spiranthes laciniata is easily distinguished from S. vernalis, which it superficially resembles, by its capitate trichomes. It typically flowers later than S. vernalis where the two are sympatric.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26. FNA vol. 26, p. 534.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes
Sibling taxa
S. brevilabris, S. casei, S. cernua, S. delitescens, S. diluvialis, S. eatonii, S. floridana, S. infernalis, S. lacera, S. laciniata, S. longilabris, S. lucida, S. magnicamporum, S. ochroleuca, S. odorata, S. ovalis, S. parksii, S. praecox, S. romanzoffiana, S. torta, S. tuberosa, S. vernalis
S. brevilabris, S. casei, S. cernua, S. delitescens, S. diluvialis, S. eatonii, S. floridana, S. infernalis, S. lacera, S. longilabris, S. lucida, S. magnicamporum, S. ochroleuca, S. odorata, S. ovalis, S. parksii, S. porrifolia, S. praecox, S. romanzoffiana, S. torta, S. tuberosa, S. vernalis
Synonyms S. romanzoffiana var. porrifolia Gyrostachys laciniata, Ibidium laciniatum
Name authority Lindley: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl., 467. (1840) (Small) Ames: Orchidaceae 1: 120. (1905)
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