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creamy ladies' tresses, creamy lady's tresses, western ladies'-tresses

Case's ladies'-tresses, Case's lady's tresses, spiranthe de Case

Habit Plants 15–60 cm. Plants 7–44 cm.
Roots

few–several, spreading to descending, tuberous, mostly to 1 cm diam.

few–several, descending, slender to somewhat tuberously thickened, mostly to 0.5 cm diam.

Leaves

persisting through anthesis or fugaceous, basal, often on proximal portion of stem, ascending, linear to linear-lanceolate, linear-oblanceolate, oblanceolate or elliptic, to 34 × 3.5 cm.

persisting through anthesis, basal and on proximal portion of stem, ascending to spreading, ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, to 20 × 2 cm.

Spikes

usually very tightly spiraled, rarely loosely spiraled, usually 3 flowers per cycle of spiral;

rachis glabrous to sparsely pubescent, trichomes less (usually much less) than 0.18 mm, capitate glands often sessile.

loosely spiraled, usually 5 or more flowers per cycle of spiral;

rachis moderately to densely pubescent, some trichomes capitate, glands obviously stalked.

Flowers

ascending, creamy to markedly yellowish, slenderly tubular;

sepals connate at base, 4.6–11 mm, apex reflexed-spreading;

petals linear-lanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, apex reflexed-spreading, obtuse to subacute or subemarginate;

lip lance-ovate to lanceolate, 4–9.5 × 1.9–4.3 mm, apex recurved less than to scarcely more than apices of sepals and petals, only slightly or not at all dilated, with subapical dense cushion of peg-shaped trichomes on adaxial surface;

veins few to several, branches wide-spreading or often parallel;

viscidia linear to linear-elliptic;

ovary mostly 2–7.5 mm.

ivory to yellowish white or greenish cream, strongly nodding, curved downward throughout lengths, scarcely gaping, urceolate-tubular;

sepals distinct to base, 5.2–8 mm;

lateral sepals slightly spreading, apex straight;

petals creamy white to greenish white, ovate-elliptic to obovate, 3.9–7.6 mm, apex obtuse;

lip often darker centrally, 4.1–8 × 3.2–5.1 mm, glabrous;

veins several, branches parallel;

basal calli incurved, prominent, 0.7–1.1 mm;

viscidia linear to linear-lanceolate;

ovary 4–7 mm.

Seeds

monoembryonic.

partly or wholly polyembryonic.

2n

= 44 [66].

Spiranthes porrifolia

Spiranthes casei

Phenology Flowering May–Aug.
Habitat Moist to wet riparian meadows, stream banks, marshes, fens, seeping banks
Elevation 100–2600 m (300–8500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
e North America; c North America along Canadian and Unites States border
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Lip ovate to ovate-oblong, apex truncate, margin thin, delicately crisped and fringed.
var. casei
1. Lip ovate, apex acute, margin thick and inflexed.
var. novaescotiae
Source FNA vol. 26. FNA vol. 26, p. 541.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes
Sibling taxa
S. brevilabris, S. casei, S. cernua, S. delitescens, S. diluvialis, S. eatonii, S. floridana, S. infernalis, S. lacera, S. laciniata, S. longilabris, S. lucida, S. magnicamporum, S. ochroleuca, S. odorata, S. ovalis, S. parksii, S. praecox, S. romanzoffiana, S. torta, S. tuberosa, S. vernalis
S. brevilabris, S. cernua, S. delitescens, S. diluvialis, S. eatonii, S. floridana, S. infernalis, S. lacera, S. laciniata, S. longilabris, S. lucida, S. magnicamporum, S. ochroleuca, S. odorata, S. ovalis, S. parksii, S. porrifolia, S. praecox, S. romanzoffiana, S. torta, S. tuberosa, S. vernalis
Subordinate taxa
S. casei var. casei, S. casei var. novaescotiae
Synonyms S. romanzoffiana var. porrifolia
Name authority Lindley: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl., 467. (1840) Catling & Cruise: Rhodora 76: 527, figs. 1–4. (1974)
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