Spiranthes ochroleuca |
Spiranthes lacera |
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yellow ladies'-tresses, yellow nodding ladies'-tresses, yellow nodding lady's tresses |
northern slender ladies' tresses, northern slender lady's tresses, slender ladies'-tresses |
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Habit | Plants 10–55 cm. | Plants 15–65 cm. | ||||
Roots | few, horizontally spreading, slender, mostly to 0.4 cm diam. |
few–several, spreading to descending, mostly to 0.75 cm diam., slender to stout. |
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Leaves | persisting through anthesis, basal, sometimes on basal portion of stem, spreading, linear-oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, to 21 × 2 cm. |
, basal, spreading, obovate, 2–5 × 1–2 cm. |
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Spikes | rather loosely to very tightly spiraled, 3–4 flowers per cycle of spiral, occasionally 5 or more in very loose spiral; rachis moderately pubescent, some trichomes capitate, glands obviously stalked. |
secund to tightly spiraled, 8–10 flowers per cycle of spiral; rachis glabrous to sparsely pubescent, trichomes capitate to clavate, glands obviously stalked. |
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Flowers | ochroleucous, ivory, creamy, yellowish, or greenish white, ascending, urceolate to somewhat gaping, claw of lip at pronounced (20–60°) angle to lamina, base cuneate, appearing strongly inflated; sepals distinct to base, 6–14 mm; lateral sepals appressed to petals and lip, straight, separated from dorsal sepal by mostly 0.7–1 mm; petals linear to linear-oblong, 6–13 mm, apex acute to obtuse; lip often more yellow centrally, oblong to ovate, 7–12 × 4–7 mm, margins crenulate, glabrous; veins several, branches parallel; basal calli incurved, prominent, very rarely conic, 1–2 mm; viscidia linear; ovary 3–7 mm. |
white; sepals somewhat spreading, distinct to base, elliptic, 5 × 1 mm; lateral sepals white throughout, apex acuminate; petals lanceolate, slightly oblique, 5 × 1 mm; lip white with green or yellowish green center, ovate to oblong, 5 × 2.5 mm, apex dilated, its margin crisped-crenate, pubescent; veins obscure; basal calli erect, short-pointed, mostly to 1 mm; viscidium linear-lanceolate; ovary mostly 3 mm. |
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Seeds | monoembryonic. |
monoembryonic. |
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2n | = 30. |
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Spiranthes ochroleuca |
Spiranthes lacera |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Nov. | |||||
Habitat | Dry to mesic open woodland, thickets, meadows, barrens, ledges, outcrops, banks and roadsides, old fields | |||||
Elevation | 0–1700 m (0–5600 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CT; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV; NB; NS; ON; PE
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e North America
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Discussion | While leaves of Spiranthes ochroleuca are usually present at anthesis, in prairie populations they are commonly absent. Spiranthes ×steigeri was described as a hybrid of S. cernua and S. romanzoffiana, but additional study (P. M. Catling 1984) has shown the plants to be referable to S. ochroleuca. See notes on gene flow and apomixis under 14. Spiranthes cernua. Hybrids of Spiranthes ochroleuca with S. casei are known as S. ×borealis P. M. Brown. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 539. | FNA vol. 26, p. 536. | ||||
Parent taxa | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Gyrostachys ochroleuca, S. cernua var. ochroleuca, S. ×steigeri | Neottia lacera | ||||
Name authority | (Rydberg) Rydberg: Fl. Plains N. Amer., 241. (1932) | (Rafinesque) Rafinesque: Herb. Raf., 44. (1833) | ||||
Web links |