Spiranthes ochroleuca |
Spiranthes floridana |
|
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yellow ladies'-tresses, yellow nodding ladies'-tresses, yellow nodding lady's tresses |
Florida lady's tresses |
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Habit | Plants 10–55 cm. | Plants 7–40 cm. |
Roots | few, horizontally spreading, slender, mostly to 0.4 cm diam. |
few–numerous, spreading to descending, mostly to 0.5 cm diam., stout. |
Leaves | persisting through anthesis, basal, sometimes on basal portion of stem, spreading, linear-oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, to 21 × 2 cm. |
usually persisting through anthesis, 3–5, basal, spreading, oval-oblanceolate, 2–6 × 1–2 cm. |
Spikes | rather loosely to very tightly spiraled, 3–4 flowers per cycle of spiral, occasionally 5 or more in very loose spiral; rachis moderately pubescent, some trichomes capitate, glands obviously stalked. |
secund to loosely spiraled, 8–10 flowers per cycle of spiral; rachis glabrous to sparsely pubescent, trichomes commonly minute, abortive; any glands stalked, trichomes then capitate. |
Flowers | ochroleucous, ivory, creamy, yellowish, or greenish white, ascending, urceolate to somewhat gaping, claw of lip at pronounced (20–60°) angle to lamina, base cuneate, appearing strongly inflated; sepals distinct to base, 6–14 mm; lateral sepals appressed to petals and lip, straight, separated from dorsal sepal by mostly 0.7–1 mm; petals linear to linear-oblong, 6–13 mm, apex acute to obtuse; lip often more yellow centrally, oblong to ovate, 7–12 × 4–7 mm, margins crenulate, glabrous; veins several, branches parallel; basal calli incurved, prominent, very rarely conic, 1–2 mm; viscidia linear; ovary 3–7 mm. |
creamy yellow to pale greenish yellow; sepals 5 × 1 mm, distinct to base, appressed; petals elliptic, slightly oblique, linear to lance-oblong, 5 × 1 mm, apex acute to obtuse; lip commonly yellow centrally, ovate to oblong, 5 × 2.5 mm, apex dilated, yellow and papillate-pubescent, its margin crisped, finely lacerate; veins several, branches very short; basal calli long-pointed, mostly to 1 mm; viscidium linear-lanceolate; ovary mostly 3 mm. |
Seeds | monoembryonic. |
monoembryonic. |
2n | = 30. |
|
Spiranthes ochroleuca |
Spiranthes floridana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Aug–Nov. | Flowering Feb–Apr. |
Habitat | Dry to mesic open woodland, thickets, meadows, barrens, ledges, outcrops, banks and roadsides, old fields | Dry to moist roadsides, fields |
Elevation | 0–1700 m (0–5600 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV; NB; NS; ON; PE
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX
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Discussion | While leaves of Spiranthes ochroleuca are usually present at anthesis, in prairie populations they are commonly absent. Spiranthes ×steigeri was described as a hybrid of S. cernua and S. romanzoffiana, but additional study (P. M. Catling 1984) has shown the plants to be referable to S. ochroleuca. See notes on gene flow and apomixis under 14. Spiranthes cernua. Hybrids of Spiranthes ochroleuca with S. casei are known as S. ×borealis P. M. Brown. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Spiranthes floridana and S. brevilabris are often and easily confused, although the degree of pubescence is an excellent diagnostic tool in the field. This species has become very uncommon, with only a single extant population known in 1998–2000. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 539. | FNA vol. 26. |
Parent taxa | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gyrostachys ochroleuca, S. cernua var. ochroleuca, S. ×steigeri | Ibidium floridanum, S. brevilabris var. floridana, S. gracilis var. floridana |
Name authority | (Rydberg) Rydberg: Fl. Plains N. Amer., 241. (1932) | (Wherry) Cory: Rhodora 38: 405. (1936) |
Web links |