Spiranthes magnicamporum |
Spiranthes diluvialis |
|
---|---|---|
Great Plains ladies'-tresses, Great Plains lady's tresses |
diluvial ladies'-tresses, Ute ladie' tresses, Ute ladies'-tresses, Ute lady's tresses |
|
Habit | Plants 7–60 cm. | Plants 20–62 cm. |
Roots | few, descending, tuberous, mostly to 0.8 cm diam. |
few–several, horizontal to descending, slenderly tuberous, to 1 cm diam. |
Leaves | fugaceous or rarely persisting to anthesis, basal, ascending, linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, to 16 × 1.5 cm. |
persisting through anthesis, usually restricted to base of stem, ascending, linear-lanceolate, to 28 × 1.5 cm. |
Spikes | usually very tightly spiraled, 3–4 flowers per cycle of spiral; rachis moderately pubescent, some trichomes capitate, glands obviously stalked (longest trichomes 0.2–0.52 mm). |
usually tightly spiraled, 3 flowers per cycle of spiral, rarely loosely spiraled with more than 4 flowers per cycle; rachis sparsely (rarely densely) pubescent, some trichomes capitate, glands obviously stalked (longest trichomes 0.2–0.4 mm). |
Flowers | abruptly nodding from base, white to ivory, gaping, lip not strongly curving from claw, not urceolate; sepals distinct to base, 5–14 mm; lateral sepals wide-spreading, commonly ascending above flower; petals linear to lance-oblong, 4.9–13 mm, apex acute to obtuse; lip commonly yellow centrally, ovate to oblong, 4.9–12 × 3.3–7 mm, margins crenulate, glabrous; veins several, branches parallel; basal calli short-conic, mostly to 1 mm; viscidia linear-lanceolate; ovary 4–10 mm. |
white or ivory, ascending, strongly gaping from near base (lip prominently diverging from sepals and petals); sepals distinct or connate at base, 7.5–15 mm; lateral sepals broadly spreading to loosely incurved, often raised above rest of flower or often appressed; petals linear, apex acuminate; lip often yellow centrally, ovate, lanceolate, or oblong, with variably evident median constriction, occasionally subpandurate, 7–12 × 2.5–6.8 mm, margins crisped, entire, or apically dentate, distal surface mostly glabrous adaxially; basal calli prominent; veins few to several, branches parallel to wide-spreading; viscidia linear to linear-lanceolate; ovary mostly 4–10 mm. |
Seeds | monoembryonic. |
monoembryonic. |
2n | = 30. |
= 74. |
Spiranthes magnicamporum |
Spiranthes diluvialis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Aug–Nov. | Flowering Jul–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | Dry to wet prairies and fens | Mesic to wet riparian meadows, marshes, stream banks |
Elevation | 0–1900 m (0–6200 ft) | 1300–1800 m (4300–5900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MI; MN; MO; MS; ND; NE; NM; OH; OK; PA; SD; TX; VA; WI; MB; ON
|
CO; ID; MT; NE; NV; UT; WA; WY
|
Discussion | Leaves typically senesce some weeks before anthesis, usually before the inflorescence appears. Occasionally at the northern and western range limits of the species, however, especially in wetter habitats, they may persist into anthesis. See notes on gene flow and apomixis under 14. Spiranthes cernua. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Spiranthes diluvialis is an amphiploid product of hybridization of S. romanzoffiana and S. magnicamporum. It is correspondingly somewhat variable in individual characters, but specimens can be determined through consideration of a combination of features. The position of lateral sepals commonly varies within an inflorescence, and on the same flower one is often tightly appressed while the other is widespreading and ascending. Lip venation in particular can be helpful, as most branches are parallel, but often a few are wide-spreading. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 538. | FNA vol. 26. |
Parent taxa | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. romanzoffiana var. diluvialis | |
Name authority | Sheviak: Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 287, plate 22. (1973) | Sheviak: Brittonia 36: 11, figs. 1C, D, 2A–C, F. (1984) |
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