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shining ladies'-tresses, shining lady's tresses, spiranthe lustrée

Case's ladies'-tresses, Case's lady's tresses, spiranthe de Case

Habit Plants 4–37 cm. Plants 7–44 cm.
Roots

spreading to descending, slender, mostly to 0.6 cm diam.

few–several, descending, slender to somewhat tuberously thickened, mostly to 0.5 cm diam.

Leaves

persisting through and long after anthesis, 3–4, basal, ascending-spreading, elliptic-lanceolate, 3–12 × 0.5–1.5 cm.

persisting through anthesis, basal and on proximal portion of stem, ascending to spreading, ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, to 20 × 2 cm.

Spikes

rather openly spiraled, 3–4 flowers per cycle of spiral;

rachis sparsely to moderately pubescent, some trichomes capitate, glands obviously stalked.

loosely spiraled, usually 5 or more flowers per cycle of spiral;

rachis moderately to densely pubescent, some trichomes capitate, glands obviously stalked.

Flowers

nearly horizontal to abruptly nodding from base, white, tubular;

sepals linear-oblong;

dorsal sepal connate at base, 4.5–5.5 mm;

lateral sepals appressed to petals and lip, straight, 5–6 mm × 1–2 mm;

petals linear-oblong, 5–6 × 2–4 mm, apex obtuse;

lip brilliant yellow or yellow-orange, centrally greenish yellow, oblong, 5–6 × 2–4 mm, margins crenulate, veins several, greenish, branches few, very short, mostly widely diverging, sometimes forming reticulum with primary veins;

basal calli spreading, 1 mm;

viscidium oval;

ovary 3–8 mm.

ivory to yellowish white or greenish cream, strongly nodding, curved downward throughout lengths, scarcely gaping, urceolate-tubular;

sepals distinct to base, 5.2–8 mm;

lateral sepals slightly spreading, apex straight;

petals creamy white to greenish white, ovate-elliptic to obovate, 3.9–7.6 mm, apex obtuse;

lip often darker centrally, 4.1–8 × 3.2–5.1 mm, glabrous;

veins several, branches parallel;

basal calli incurved, prominent, 0.7–1.1 mm;

viscidia linear to linear-lanceolate;

ovary 4–7 mm.

Seeds

monoembryonic.

partly or wholly polyembryonic.

2n

= 44.

Spiranthes lucida

Spiranthes casei

Phenology Flowering May–Aug.
Habitat Rocky and sandy riverbanks, calcareous seeps, fens, 0–900 m
Distribution
from FNA
CT; DE; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MO; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
e North America; c North America along Canadian and Unites States border
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Lip ovate to ovate-oblong, apex truncate, margin thin, delicately crisped and fringed.
var. casei
1. Lip ovate, apex acute, margin thick and inflexed.
var. novaescotiae
Source FNA vol. 26, p. 542. FNA vol. 26, p. 541.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes
Sibling taxa
S. brevilabris, S. casei, S. cernua, S. delitescens, S. diluvialis, S. eatonii, S. floridana, S. infernalis, S. lacera, S. laciniata, S. longilabris, S. magnicamporum, S. ochroleuca, S. odorata, S. ovalis, S. parksii, S. porrifolia, S. praecox, S. romanzoffiana, S. torta, S. tuberosa, S. vernalis
S. brevilabris, S. cernua, S. delitescens, S. diluvialis, S. eatonii, S. floridana, S. infernalis, S. lacera, S. laciniata, S. longilabris, S. lucida, S. magnicamporum, S. ochroleuca, S. odorata, S. ovalis, S. parksii, S. porrifolia, S. praecox, S. romanzoffiana, S. torta, S. tuberosa, S. vernalis
Subordinate taxa
S. casei var. casei, S. casei var. novaescotiae
Synonyms Neottia lucida, Ibidium plantagineum, S. plantaginea
Name authority (H. H. Eaton) Ames: Orchidaceae 2: 258. (1908) Catling & Cruise: Rhodora 76: 527, figs. 1–4. (1974)
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