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giantspiral ladiestresses, giantspiral lady's tresses, longlip lady's tresses

Great Plains ladies'-tresses, Great Plains lady's tresses

Habit Plants 15–50 cm. Plants 7–60 cm.
Roots

numerous, mostly to 1 cm diam., stout.

few, descending, tuberous, mostly to 0.8 cm diam.

Leaves

fugacious or persisting through anthesis, to 3–5, cauline, reduced to sheathing bracts upward on stem, spreading, linear-lanceolate, keeled, 5–15 × 0.5 cm, rigid.

fugaceous or rarely persisting to anthesis, basal, ascending, linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, to 16 × 1.5 cm.

Inflorescences

spikes loosely to tightly spiraled, usually no more than 180°, 5–9 flowers per cycle of spiral, sometimes secund;

rachis sparsely pubescent, some trichomes capitate, glands obviously stalked.

Spikes

usually very tightly spiraled, 3–4 flowers per cycle of spiral;

rachis moderately pubescent, some trichomes capitate, glands obviously stalked (longest trichomes 0.2–0.52 mm).

Flowers

mostly horizontal, strongly gaping, white to cream;

sepals distinct to base, lanceolate, tapering in distal 1/3, (8–)9–10 × 2–3 mm;

lateral sepals widely spreading;

petals linear, slightly falcate, 7–9 × 2–2.5 mm;

lip yellow centrally, ovate in general outline, base rounded-dilated, apical portion descending, oblong, 8–11 × 4 mm, apex recurved with margin crisped;

basal calli erect, tapered, to 1 mm;

viscidium linear-lanceolate;

ovary mostly 7 mm.

abruptly nodding from base, white to ivory, gaping, lip not strongly curving from claw, not urceolate;

sepals distinct to base, 5–14 mm;

lateral sepals wide-spreading, commonly ascending above flower;

petals linear to lance-oblong, 4.9–13 mm, apex acute to obtuse;

lip commonly yellow centrally, ovate to oblong, 4.9–12 × 3.3–7 mm, margins crenulate, glabrous;

veins several, branches parallel;

basal calli short-conic, mostly to 1 mm;

viscidia linear-lanceolate;

ovary 4–10 mm.

Seeds

monoembryonic.

monoembryonic.

2n

= 30.

Spiranthes longilabris

Spiranthes magnicamporum

Phenology Flowering Oct–Dec. Flowering Aug–Nov.
Habitat Primarily on coastal plain in dry to moist meadows, pine flatwoods and savannas, fields, roadsides Dry to wet prairies and fens
Elevation 0–50 m (0–200 ft) 0–1900 m (0–6200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MI; MN; MO; MS; ND; NE; NM; OH; OK; PA; SD; TX; VA; WI; MB; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Hybrids of Spiranthes longilabris and S. odorata are known as Spiranthes ×folsomii P. M. Brown.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Leaves typically senesce some weeks before anthesis, usually before the inflorescence appears. Occasionally at the northern and western range limits of the species, however, especially in wetter habitats, they may persist into anthesis. See notes on gene flow and apomixis under 14. Spiranthes cernua.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 535. FNA vol. 26, p. 538.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Spiranthes
Sibling taxa
S. brevilabris, S. casei, S. cernua, S. delitescens, S. diluvialis, S. eatonii, S. floridana, S. infernalis, S. lacera, S. laciniata, S. lucida, S. magnicamporum, S. ochroleuca, S. odorata, S. ovalis, S. parksii, S. porrifolia, S. praecox, S. romanzoffiana, S. torta, S. tuberosa, S. vernalis
S. brevilabris, S. casei, S. cernua, S. delitescens, S. diluvialis, S. eatonii, S. floridana, S. infernalis, S. lacera, S. laciniata, S. longilabris, S. lucida, S. ochroleuca, S. odorata, S. ovalis, S. parksii, S. porrifolia, S. praecox, S. romanzoffiana, S. torta, S. tuberosa, S. vernalis
Synonyms Ibidium longilabre
Name authority Lindley: Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl., 467. (1840) Sheviak: Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 287, plate 22. (1973)
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