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Virginia meadowsweet, Virginia or West Virginia spiraea, Virginia spiraea

Hitchcock's spiraea, spirea

Habit Shrubs, 30–40 dm. Shrubs, 10–12 dm.
Stems

erect to arching or prostrate, densely branched.

erect to arching, or decumbent, branched.

Leaves

petiole 2–5 mm;

blade ovate to oblanceolate, 3–5 × 1–1.5 cm (length 3 times width), membranous, base acute, margins entire or dentate teeth 1–4 in distal 1/4 of blade, mucronate, number of primary and secondary serrations 1 times number of secondary veins (excluding inter-secondary veins), venation pinnate cladodromous, secondary veins not prominent, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface glaucous, mostly glabrous, adaxial glabrous.

petiole 2–5 mm;

blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic, obovate, 2–5(–6) × 1–2.8 cm, membranous, base acute to obtuse, margins irregularly serrulate to irregularly erose, venation pinnate, simple craspedodromous or semicraspedodromous, secondary veins prominent, apex usually obtuse, sometimes acute, abaxial surface puberulent, adaxial glabrescent.

Inflorescences

mostly terminal, corymbiform or hemispheric panicles, 2–8 × 5–22 cm height 0.5–1 times diam.;

branches frequently in axils of leaves, usually glabrous or pubescent, sometimes villous.

mostly terminal, irregularly shaped, usually elongate-conic to elongate-pyriform panicles, 1.5–6(–9) × 1.5–3(–4.5) cm height 0.5–1(–2) times diam.;

branches puberulent.

Pedicels

1–3 mm, usually glabrous or pubescent, sometimes villous.

2–5 mm, puberulent.

Flowers

5–7 mm diam.;

hypanthia turbinate to campanulate, 1.2–1.8 mm, surfaces glabrous or pubescent;

sepals triangular, 1–1.2 mm;

petals yellowish white, greenish white, or translucent white, ovate to orbiculate, 1.8–2 mm;

staminodes 0;

stamens 25–45, 2 times petal length.

3–8 mm diam.;

hypanthia crateriform, 0.7–1.1 mm, abaxial surface puberulent, adaxial puberulent;

sepals deltate, 0.5–1 mm;

petals pink to dark pink, elliptic to wide elliptic, 1.3–1.7 mm;

staminodes 5–12;

stamens 10–20, 1–2 times petal length.

Follicles

oblanceoloid, 1.5–2 mm, shiny, glabrous.

asymmetrically falcate, 0.8–1.3 mm, not shiny, glabrous.

2n

= 54.

Spiraea virginiana

Spiraea ×hitchcockii

Phenology Flowering May–Jul; fruiting Jun–Sep. Flowering Jun–Sep; fruiting Jul–Nov.
Habitat Riparian zones of rocky stream reaches with high flows capable of scour and deposition of sediments Wet meadows, aspen meadows, lake margins, moist woodland margins, wetlands, along creeks
Elevation 200–1000 m (700–3300 ft) 300–2000 m (1000–6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; GA; KY; NC; OH; PA; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
OR
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Spiraea virginiana is endemic to the southern Blue Ridge and Appalachian Plateau physiographic provinces. In stream and river reaches, where there is little variation in flow volume and velocity, available habitat for S. virginiana would decline over time without scour and redeposition of sediments. The species reproduces primarily through asexual propagation: the stems break during high flows, are transported and deposited in sediments, and take root, establishing plants (D. W. Ogle 1991b; C. M. Anders and Z. E. Murrell 2001). Ogle (1991, 1991b) conducted a comprehensive analysis of the species and found viable seed to be rare on individuals found within local populations, confined to a single stream corridor. When plants from different populations were brought together in cultivation, abundant viable seed was produced (Ogle 1991b).

All populations of Spiraea virginiana examined by J. R. Brzyski and T. M. Culley (2011) had higher levels of genetic differentiation among populations, and lower values of genotypic richness within populations, than would be expected for a clonal organism.

Spiraea virginiana is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Hess and Stoynoff described Spiraea ×hitchcockii as a naturally occurring hybrid of S. douglasii var. menziesii and S. splendens var. rosea; it has been found within the Cascades of Oregon and is very likely to be found in other areas of the Pacific Northwest, where the two species have overlapping ranges.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 404. FNA vol. 9, p. 406.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Spiraeeae > Spiraea Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Spiraeeae > Spiraea
Sibling taxa
S. alba, S. cantoniensis, S. chamaedryfolia, S. corymbosa, S. douglasii, S. japonica, S. lucida, S. prunifolia, S. salicifolia, S. splendens, S. stevenii, S. thunbergii, S. tomentosa, S. ×hitchcockii, S. ×pyramidata, S. ×vanhouttei
S. alba, S. cantoniensis, S. chamaedryfolia, S. corymbosa, S. douglasii, S. japonica, S. lucida, S. prunifolia, S. salicifolia, S. splendens, S. stevenii, S. thunbergii, S. tomentosa, S. virginiana, S. ×pyramidata, S. ×vanhouttei
Name authority Britton: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 314. (1890) Spiraea ×hitchcockii W. J. Hess & Stoynoff: Sida 18: 827. (1999)
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