Spiraea thunbergii |
Spiraea chamaedryfolia |
|
---|---|---|
Thunberg's meadowsweet |
Germander meadowsweet |
|
Habit | Shrubs, 10–20 dm. | Shrubs, 10–20 dm. |
Stems | spreading to arching, densely branched. |
erect, densely branched. |
Leaves | sometimes tardily deciduous; petiole 1–2 mm or indistinct; blade linear to lanceolate, 2.5–4 × 0.3–1 cm, membranous, base acute, margins irregularly, sharply serrulate, venation pinnate eucamptodromous, secondary veins not prominent, apex acuminate, surfaces glabrous. |
petiole 5–10 mm; blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4–8 × 1.5–4 cm, membranous, base obtuse, margins usually coarsely, irregularly, sharply serrate to serrulate in distal 2/3, sometimes 2-serrate, venation pinnate simple craspedodromous, secondary veins not prominent, apex acute, surfaces glaucous, glabrous. |
Inflorescences | mostly axillary, hemispheric panicles, (2–)3–7-flowered, sessile on leafless stems in spring, 2–6 × 2–6 cm; branches glabrous. |
mostly axillary, racemiform, corymbiform, or hemispheric panicles, (2–)3–10 × 2–5 cm; branches glabrous. |
Pedicels | 5–8 mm, glabrous. |
5–10 mm, glabrous. |
Flowers | 6–8 mm diam.; hypanthia crateriform, 2–4 mm, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial glabrous or puberulent; sepals ovate-triangular, 1.3–2 mm; petals white, obovate to suborbiculate, 2–4 mm; staminodes 10–14; stamens 18–20, 0.3 times petal length. |
5–12 mm diam.; hypanthia campanulate, 1.5–2 mm, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial glabrous to puberulent; sepals ovate-triangular, 2.5–3 mm; petals white, broadly ovate, 4–6 mm, apex notched or erose; staminodes 0; stamens 35–50, 2 times petal length. |
Follicles | oblanceoloid, 1.5–2 mm, glabrous. |
asymmetrical fusiform, 2–3 mm, glabrous or pubescent. |
2n | = 18. |
= 18. |
Spiraea thunbergii |
Spiraea chamaedryfolia |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May; fruiting Apr–Oct. | Flowering May–Jul; fruiting Jun–Oct. |
Habitat | Abandoned homesteads, meadows, roadsides, pastures | Old pastures, homestead sites |
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | 0–700 m (0–2300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; GA; KS; LA; MD; MS; NC; NE; NY; PA; ON; Asia [Introduced in North America]
|
CT; NY; ON; se Europe; Asia (China, Japan, Russia) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in w Europe] |
Discussion | Spiraea thunbergii flowers very early in the spring and may be easily observed due to the obvious flowers on branches lacking leaves; because it can thrive in a variety of soils, it will often persist as the native vegetation returns. Although established in a number of areas, it does not appear to spread aggressively or compete strongly with native species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Two frequently mentioned varieties of Spiraea chamaedryfolia are var. ulmifolia (Scopoli) Maximowicz, which has primarily ovate leaves with an obtuse base and a frequently doubly-serrate margin and inflorescences 7–10 cm diam., treated as a species by Rydberg, and var. flexuosa (Fischer ex Cambessèdes) Maximowicz, which has ovate-lanceolate leaves with cuneate base and entire or singly-serrate margin with fewer teeth and inflorescences 4–6 cm diam. Variation in the leaf and inflorescence characters is inconsistent in plants established in North America. C. Sterling (1966) described the carpel anatomy of this species but did not examine enough taxa from Europe or Asia for comparison. W. J. Bean (1970–1988, vol. 4) and H. S. Maxwell and S. G. Knees (1989) are useful references for additional information on varieties and hybrids of this Eurasian native. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 409. | FNA vol. 9, p. 409. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Spiraeeae > Spiraea | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Spiraeeae > Spiraea |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Siebold ex Blume: Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 17: 1115. (1827) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 489. (1753) |
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